BASIC DOCTRINES OF THE BIBLE

BASIC DOCTRINES OF THE BIBLE

📘 Introduction to Bibliology

A Foundational Study in Systematic Theology

🔍 Definition of Bibliology

Bibliology is the branch of Systematic Theology that studies the doctrine of the Bible—the written revelation of God. It answers key questions such as:

What is the Bible?
Where did it come from?
How do we know it's true?
How was it preserved?
Is it sufficient and authoritative?

Since all other doctrines (e.g., God, Christ, salvation, etc.) come from Scripture, a correct understanding of Bibliology is foundational for all theological study.

📚 1. The Nature and Structure of the Bible

A. What is the Bible?

The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia, meaning “books.”
It is a divinely inspired collection of 66 books, written by over 40 human authors over 1,500 years.
It is God’s Word—perfect, infallible, and final.

📖 Key verse:

"All scripture is given by inspiration of God..." – 2 Timothy 3:16

B. Structure of the Bible

📖 Old Testament (39 books)

Divided into four major sections:

The Law (Torah or Pentateuch) – Genesis to Deuteronomy
Historical Books – Joshua to Esther
Poetic/Wisdom Books – Job to Song of Solomon
Prophetic Books
- Major Prophets – Isaiah to Daniel
- Minor Prophets – Hosea to Malachi

📖 New Testament (27 books)

Divided into five major sections:

Gospels – Matthew, Mark, Luke, John
History – Acts
Pauline Epistles
- Church Epistles – Romans to 2 Thessalonians
- Pastoral Epistles – 1 & 2 Timothy, Titus
- Prison Epistles – Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Philemon
General Epistles – Hebrews to Jude
Prophecy – Revelation

🔑 2. Key Doctrines of Bibliology

A. Inspiration

Definition: God supernaturally guided the authors of Scripture so that what they wrote was exactly what He intended—without error.

➤ Verbal Inspiration

Every word, not just the thoughts or ideas, is inspired.
📖 Matthew 4:4 – “Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God.”

➤ Plenary Inspiration

The entire Bible, in all its parts, is fully inspired—not just select portions.
📖 2 Timothy 3:16 – “All Scripture is given by inspiration of God...”

📖 2 Peter 1:21 – “Holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost.”

B. Inerrancy

The original writings (autographs) of Scripture are without error in every area they touch—doctrine, history, science, etc.

📖 Psalm 119:140 – “Thy word is very pure.”

C. Infallibility

The Bible is incapable of error or failure; it will never lead people astray or fail in its purpose.

📖 Psalm 19:7 – “The law of the LORD is perfect, converting the soul.”

D. Sufficiency

Scripture contains everything necessary for salvation, sanctification, and service.

📖 2 Timothy 3:17 – “That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works.”

E. Authority

The Bible has divine authority over all people and doctrines. No one—not the church, tradition, or prophet—is above the Word of God.

📖 John 17:17 – “Sanctify them through thy truth: thy word is truth.”

F. Preservation

God not only inspired His Word but has promised to preserve it throughout all generations.

➤ Verbal and Plenary Preservation

God has preserved the very words of Scripture (verbal) and all of them (plenary) through faithful copies and translations.
📖 Psalm 12:6–7 – “...Thou shalt keep them, O LORD, thou shalt preserve them from this generation for ever.”
📖 Matthew 24:35 – “Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away.”

G. Canonicity

The process by which God’s people recognized which books were inspired and belonged in the Bible.
Criteria: Apostolic origin, consistency with doctrine, widespread use.

📖 2 Peter 3:2, Jude 3

H. Transmission

The faithful copying and passing down of the biblical text through manuscripts.

➤ Two Primary Methods:

Formal Equivalence (word-for-word)
– Prioritizes exact words from the original language
– Examples: KJV, NASB, ESV
Dynamic Equivalence (thought-for-thought)
– Focuses on meaning and readability
– Examples: NIV, NLT

📖 Isaiah 40:8 – “The word of our God shall stand forever.”

I. Translation

The original languages of the Bible:
- Hebrew – most of the Old Testament
- Aramaic – parts of Daniel, Ezra, and others
- Greek – all of the New Testament
Faithful translations strive to preserve the meaning and authority of the original.

📖 Nehemiah 8:8 – “...gave the sense, and caused them to understand the reading.”

🧠 Other Sub-Topics in Bibliology

Revelation:
- General Revelation – Psalm 19:1–4
- Special Revelation – Hebrews 1:1–2
Illumination:
- The Holy Spirit helps believers understand and apply Scripture.
  📖 1 Corinthians 2:12–14
Interpretation (Hermeneutics):
- Rules and principles for sound understanding of Scripture.
Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha:
- Extra-biblical writings not accepted as canonical Scripture.

🎯 Why Study Bibliology First?

It is the foundation of all theology.
We cannot know God, Christ, or salvation rightly apart from Scripture.
Defending the faith begins with confidence in the Bible as God’s Word.

📌 Summary Table

Subtopic	Focus
Structure	OT and NT divisions, literary types
Inspiration	Verbal & plenary, God-breathed word
Inerrancy	No error in original writings
Infallibility	Scripture cannot mislead
Authority	Final standard in faith and life
Sufficiency	Contains all needed for godliness
Preservation	Verbal and plenary preservation across generations
Canonicity	Recognition of inspired books
Transmission	Copying, dynamic/formal equivalence
Translation	Original languages: Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek
Revelation	General and special revelation
Illumination	Spirit-guided understanding
Interpretation	Hermeneutical principles
Apocrypha	Non-canonical religious writings rejected by Protestants

📘 Memory Verses

2 Timothy 3:16–17
2 Peter 1:21
Psalm 12:6–7
John 17:17
Matthew 4:4
Isaiah 40:8
Nehemiah 8:8

📘 Utangulizi wa Bibliolojia

Somo la Msingi Katika Teolojia ya Mfumo

🔍 Maana ya Bibliolojia

Bibliolojia ni tawi la Teolojia ya Mfumo linaloshughulika na mafundisho kuhusu Biblia—yaani, ufunuo wa maandishi kutoka kwa Mungu. Inajibu maswali kama:

Biblia ni nini?
Imetoka wapi?
Tunawezaje kujua kuwa ni kweli?
Imelindwaje?
Inatosha na ina mamlaka?

Kwa kuwa mafundisho yote mengine ya Kikristo (kama vile Mungu, Kristo, wokovu) yanatokana na Biblia, msingi wa uelewa sahihi wa Bibliolojia ni muhimu sana.

📚 1. Maumbile na Muundo wa Biblia

A. Biblia ni nini?

Neno Biblia linatokana na Kigiriki biblia likimaanisha “vitabu.”
Ni mkusanyiko wa vitabu 66 vilivyoandikwa kwa uongozi wa Mungu, na waandishi zaidi ya 40 katika kipindi cha miaka 1500.
Ni Neno la Mungu—kamilifu, lisilo na kosa, na la mwisho.

📖 Andiko kuu:

“Kila andiko, lenye pumzi ya Mungu, lafaa…” – 2 Timotheo 3:16

B. Muundo wa Biblia

📖 Agano la Kale (vitabu 39)

Limegawanywa katika sehemu nne:

Torati (Vitabu vya Musa) – Mwanzo hadi Kumbukumbu
Vitabu vya Historia – Yoshua hadi Esta
Vitabu vya Mashairi/Hekima – Ayubu hadi Wimbo wa Sulemani
Vitabu vya Manabii
- Manabii Wakuu – Isaya hadi Danieli
- Manabii Wadogo – Hosea hadi Malaki

📖 Agano Jipya (vitabu 27)

Limegawanywa katika sehemu tano:

Injili – Mathayo, Marko, Luka, Yohana
Historia – Matendo ya Mitume
Nyaraka za Paulo
- Kwa makanisa – Warumi hadi Wathesalonike
- Kichungaji – Timotheo 1–2, Tito
- Gerezani – Waefeso, Wafilipi, Wakolosai, Filemoni
Nyaraka za Jumla – Waebrania hadi Yuda
Unabii – Ufunuo

🔑 2. Mafundisho Makuu Katika Bibliolojia

A. Uvuvio wa Maandiko (Inspiration)

Mungu aliwaongoza waandishi ili waandike kile alichotaka, bila kosa.

➤ Uvuvio wa Kiverbia (Verbal Inspiration)

Kila neno lililoandikwa liliandikwa kwa mwongozo wa Mungu.
📖 Mathayo 4:4 – “...Kwa kila neno litokalo katika kinywa cha Mungu.”

➤ Uvuvio wa Kikamilifu (Plenary Inspiration)

Biblia yote kwa ujumla imevuvuliwa na Mungu.
📖 2 Timotheo 3:16 – “Kila andiko, lenye pumzi ya Mungu...”
📖 2 Petro 1:21

B. Kutokuwepo kwa Makosa (Inerrancy)

Maandiko ya awali (masahihisho ya asili) hayakuwa na kosa kabisa.

📖 Zaburi 119:140

C. Kutokushindwa (Infallibility)

Biblia haiwezi kuongoza kwa kosa wala kushindwa.

📖 Zaburi 19:7

D. Utoshaji wa Maandiko (Sufficiency)

Biblia inatosha kwa mafundisho yote yahusuyo wokovu na maisha ya Kikristo.

📖 2 Timotheo 3:17

E. Mamlaka ya Maandiko (Authority)

Biblia ina mamlaka ya mwisho kwa imani na matendo yote.

📖 Yohana 17:17

F. Hifadhi ya Maandiko (Preservation)

Mungu si tu aliivuvia Biblia bali ameahidi kuilinda kwa vizazi vyote.

➤ Hifadhi ya Kiverbia na Kikamilifu

Mungu amehifadhi maneno halisi (verbal) na yote bila kuacha (plenary).
📖 Zaburi 12:6–7
📖 Mathayo 24:35

G. Ukanoni (Canonicity)

Mchakato wa kutambua vitabu vilivyoongozwa na Roho Mtakatifu.
Vigezo ni kama:
Asili ya kitume
Ulinganifu wa mafundisho
Kukubalika na kanisa kwa upana

📖 2 Petro 3:2, Yuda 3

H. Uhawilishaji (Transmission)

Nakala ziliandikwa kwa mikono na kuhamishwa kwa vizazi.

➤ Njia kuu mbili:

Ulinganifu wa maneno (word-for-word / formal equivalence)
– Kutoa tafsiri ya maneno ya asili moja kwa moja
– Mfano: KJV, NASB
Ulinganifu wa maana (thought-for-thought / dynamic equivalence)
– Kuwasilisha wazo kwa lugha nyepesi
– Mfano: NLT, NIV

📖 Isaya 40:8

I. Tafsiri ya Maandiko (Translation)

Biblia iliandikwa katika lugha tatu za asili:
- Kiebrania – Agano la Kale
- Kiaramu – Sehemu ya Danieli, Ezra n.k.
- Kigiriki – Agano Jipya lote

📖 Nehemia 8:8

🧠 Mada Nyingine Ndani ya Bibliolojia

Ufunuo wa Mungu (Revelation):
- Ufunuo wa jumla – Zaburi 19:1–4
- Ufunuo maalum – Waebrania 1:1–2
Mwangaza wa Roho Mtakatifu (Illumination):
- Roho Mtakatifu husaidia kuelewa maandiko
  📖 1 Wakorintho 2:12–14
Ufasiri (Hermeneutics):
- Kanuni za kuelewa maandiko kwa usahihi
Vitabu vya Apokrifa na Pseudepigrapha:
- Vitabu ambavyo havikukubalika kama Neno la Mungu

🎯 Kwa Nini Kusoma Bibliolojia Kwanza?

Ndiyo msingi wa mafundisho yote ya Kikristo
Bila Biblia ya kuaminika, hatuwezi kuwa na hakika ya wokovu
Inasaidia kulinda dhidi ya mafundisho ya uongo na upotovu

📌 Muhtasari wa Mada

Mada	Maelezo
Muundo wa Biblia	Agano la Kale na Jipya, aina za vitabu
Uvuvio	Kiverbia na kikamilifu, Mungu alivyoongea
Kutokuwa na kosa	Maandishi ya asili hayakuwa na kosa
Kutokushindwa	Maandiko hayawezi kudanganya
Mamlaka	Biblia ina mamlaka ya mwisho
Utoshelevu	Inatosha kwa mafundisho yote ya imani
Hifadhi	Hifadhi ya maneno halisi na yote kikamilifu
Ukanoni	Mchakato wa kutambua vitabu vya kiMungu
Uhawilishaji	Nakala kwa mikono, aina mbili za uwakilishi
Tafsiri	Lugha za asili: Kiebrania, Kiaramu, Kigiriki
Ufunuo	Jumla na maalum
Mwangaza	Kazi ya Roho katika kuelewa maandiko
Ufasiri	Kanuni za kuelewa maandiko kwa usahihi
Apokrifa	Vitabu vilivyokataliwa na wasomi wa Kikristo wa awali

📘 Mistari ya Kumbukumbu

2 Timotheo 3:16–17
2 Petro 1:21
Zaburi 12:6–7
Yohana 17:17
Mathayo 4:4
Isaya 40:8
Nehemia 8:8

📘 Introduction to Theology Proper

(The Doctrine of God Himself)
Part Two of Systematic Theology

🔍 Definition of Theology Proper

Theology Proper is the branch of systematic theology that studies:

The existence of God
The nature and being of God
The names and attributes of God
The Trinity
The works of God (creation, providence, government, etc.)
The self-revelation of God in Scripture

📖 Key verse:

“But without faith it is impossible to please him: for he that cometh to God must believe that he is...” – Hebrews 11:6

📚 1. The Existence of God

A. General Revelation

God reveals Himself through creation, conscience, and human history.

📖 Psalm 19:1 – “The heavens declare the glory of God...”
📖 Romans 1:19–20

B. Special Revelation

God reveals Himself directly through Scripture and ultimately through Jesus Christ.

📖 Hebrews 1:1–2
📖 John 1:18

📛 2. The Names of God

Each name of God reveals something about His character and relationship with His people:

Name of God	Meaning
Elohim	God the Creator – Genesis 1:1
Jehovah (YHWH)	The Self-Existent One – Exodus 3:14
El Shaddai	God Almighty – Genesis 17:1
Jehovah Jireh	The LORD will provide – Genesis 22:14
Jehovah Rapha	The LORD who heals – Exodus 15:26
Abba	Father – Romans 8:15; Galatians 4:6

👑 3. The Attributes of God

A. Incommunicable Attributes

(Attributes belonging to God alone)

Eternality – God has no beginning or end (Psalm 90:2)
Omnipresence – God is present everywhere (Jeremiah 23:24)
Omnipotence – God is all-powerful (Job 42:2)
Omniscience – God knows everything (1 John 3:20)
Immutability – God never changes (Malachi 3:6)

B. Communicable Attributes

(Attributes shared in some measure with humans)

Love – 1 John 4:8
Mercy – Exodus 34:6
Justice – Deuteronomy 32:4
Holiness – 1 Peter 1:16
Faithfulness – 2 Timothy 2:13

🌈 4. The Trinity

God is one in essence but exists eternally in three distinct persons:

God the Father – John 6:27
God the Son (Jesus Christ) – John 1:1, 14
God the Holy Spirit – Acts 5:3–4

📖 Matthew 28:19 – “...baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost.”

🛠️ 5. The Works of God

Creation – Genesis 1:1
Providence (sustaining all things) – Colossians 1:17
Moral Governance – James 4:12
Judgment and Salvation – Romans 2:16; John 3:17
Sovereignty over all – Psalm 103:19

🔐 6. Why Study Theology Proper?

It gives a proper foundation for knowing God accurately
It protects against idolatry and false views of God
It enables us to understand the rest of Scripture
It produces a right attitude of worship, trust, and obedience

📌 Summary Table

Topic	Description
Existence of God	Known by general and special revelation
Names of God	Reveal His character and relationship
Attributes of God	Incommunicable (unique to God) and communicable (shared)
The Trinity	One God in three persons
Works of God	Creator, Sustainer, Ruler, Redeemer
Importance	Knowing God rightly is the foundation of all true theology

📘 Memory Verses

Hebrews 11:6
Matthew 28:19
Psalm 19:1
John 1:1–3, 14
Romans 1:20
1 John 4:8
Malachi 3:6

✅ Next Topics to Develop in Theology Proper:

Scriptural proof and explanation of the Trinity
God's self-revelation in redemptive history
The names and titles of God throughout the Bible
The relationship of God’s attributes to His works
Worship and prayer based on who God is

📘 Utangulizi wa Theology Proper

(Mafundisho Juu ya Mungu Mwenyewe)
Sehemu ya Pili ya Teolojia ya Mfumo

🔍 Maana ya Theology Proper

Theology Proper ni tawi la teolojia ya mfumo linalojifunza kuhusu:

Uwepo wa Mungu
Asili ya Mungu
Sifa za Mungu
Utatu wa Mungu (Trinity)
Kazi za Mungu (kama Muumba, Mtegemezi, Mtawala)
Jina na Ufunuo wa Mungu

📖 Andiko kuu:

“Lakini mtu akidhani kuwa Mungu yupo, hana budi kuamini kwamba Yeye huwapo, na huwapa thawabu wale wamtafutao.” – Waebrania 11:6

🧩 1. Uwepo wa Mungu (Existence of God)

A. Ufunuo wa Kiasili (General Revelation)

Mungu hujifunua kupitia uumbaji (asili), dhamiri, na historia ya mwanadamu.

📖 Zaburi 19:1 – “Mbingu zauhubiri utukufu wa Mungu...”
📖 Warumi 1:19–20

B. Ufunuo Maalum (Special Revelation)

Mungu hujifunua waziwazi kupitia Biblia na hasa kwa njia ya Yesu Kristo.

📖 Waebrania 1:1–2
📖 Yohana 1:18

📛 2. Majina ya Mungu

Kila jina la Mungu linafunua tabia fulani:

Jina la Mungu	Maana
Elohim	Mungu Mkuu (Muumba) – Mwanzo 1:1
Jehovah (YHWH)	Mimi Niko – Kutoka 3:14
El Shaddai	Mwenye nguvu zote – Mwanzo 17:1
Jehovah Jireh	Bwana atatoa – Mwanzo 22:14
Jehovah Rapha	Bwana anaponya – Kutoka 15:26
Abba	Baba – Warumi 8:15; Wagalatia 4:6

👑 3. Sifa za Mungu (Attributes of God)

A. Sifa Zisizoweza Kushirikika (Incommunicable Attributes)

Sifa ambazo ni za Mungu peke yake:

Uwepo wa milele (Eternality) – Zaburi 90:2
Kila mahali kwa wakati mmoja (Omnipresence) – Yeremia 23:24
Uwezo wote (Omnipotence) – Ayubu 42:2
Ujua yote (Omniscience) – 1 Yohana 3:20
Uasiwezekani kubadilika (Immutability) – Malaki 3:6

B. Sifa Zinazoweza Kushirikika (Communicable Attributes)

Sifa ambazo Mungu huwasiliana nazo watu wake:

Upendo (Love) – 1 Yohana 4:8
Rehema (Mercy) – Kutoka 34:6
Haki (Justice) – Kumbukumbu 32:4
Utakatifu (Holiness) – 1 Petro 1:16
Uaminifu (Faithfulness) – 2 Timotheo 2:13

🌈 4. Utatu wa Mungu (The Trinity)

Mungu ni Mmoja katika asili, lakini yupo katika nafsi tatu:
1. Baba – Yohana 6:27
2. Mwana – Yohana 1:1, 14
3. Roho Mtakatifu – Matendo 5:3–4

📖 Mathayo 28:19 – “...mkawabatize kwa jina la Baba, na la Mwana, na la Roho Mtakatifu.”

🛠️ 5. Kazi za Mungu

Kazi ya Kuumba – Mwanzo 1:1
Kudumisha Ulimwengu (Providence) – Wakolosai 1:17
Kutoa Sheria (Mamlaka ya Maadili) – Yakobo 4:12
Kuhukumu na Kuokoa – Warumi 2:16, Yohana 3:17
Kutawala Ulimwengu (Sovereignty) – Zaburi 103:19

🔐 6. Umuhimu wa Theology Proper

Humfanya mwanafunzi awe na msingi sahihi wa kumjua Mungu
Hufunua tofauti ya Mungu na miungu ya uongo
Husaidia kuelewa vizuri Biblia na maisha ya kiroho
Hutupatia sababu za kumtegemea Mungu katika maisha

📌 Muhtasari wa Somo

Kipengele	Maelezo
Uwepo wa Mungu	Anajifunua kiasili na kimaalum
Majina ya Mungu	Hutufundisha tabia na kazi zake
Sifa za Mungu	Zisizoshirikika na zinazoshirikika
Utatu wa Mungu	Mungu mmoja katika nafsi tatu
Kazi za Mungu	Kuumba, kudumisha, kuhukumu, kuokoa
Umuhimu	Kumjua Mungu ndio msingi wa imani ya kweli

📘 Mistari ya Kukariri

Waebrania 11:6
Mathayo 28:19
Zaburi 19:1
Yohana 1:1–3, 14
Warumi 1:20
1 Yohana 4:8
Malaki 3:6

Niko tayari kuendelea na vipengele vidogo vya Theology Proper, kama vile:

Uthibitisho wa Utatu katika Maandiko
Ufunuo wa Mungu katika historia ya wokovu
Jinsi Utatu unahusiana na wokovu

Excellent. Below is the Introduction to Christology, the third major branch of Systematic Theology, following Bibliology and Theology Proper. This section will help students understand the person and work of Jesus Christ, preparing them for more advanced theological study.

📘 Introduction to Christology

(The Doctrine of the Person and Work of Jesus Christ)
Part Three of Systematic Theology

🔍 Definition of Christology

Christology is the branch of Systematic Theology that studies:

The person of Jesus Christ (His nature, deity, humanity)
The work of Christ (His role in creation, redemption, mediation)
The offices of Christ (Prophet, Priest, King)
The states of Christ (pre-incarnate, incarnate, exalted, returning)

📖 Key verse:

“But whom say ye that I am? And Simon Peter answered and said, Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God.” – Matthew 16:15–16

📚 1. The Pre-existence and Deity of Christ

A. Pre-existence

Christ existed before His incarnation. He was active in creation and has always been with the Father.

📖 John 1:1–3
📖 John 17:5
📖 Colossians 1:16–17

B. Deity of Christ

Jesus is fully God—equal in essence with the Father.

📖 John 1:1 – “...the Word was God”
📖 John 10:30 – “I and my Father are one”
📖 Hebrews 1:8 – “Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever”

🧍 2. The Humanity of Christ

Jesus took on a real human body and nature, yet without sin.

📖 John 1:14 – “The Word was made flesh”
📖 Hebrews 2:14 – “He also himself likewise took part of the same”
📖 Hebrews 4:15 – “...yet without sin”

🔄 The Hypostatic Union

Jesus is one Person with two natures: fully God and fully man.
These two natures are united without confusion, change, division, or separation.

👑 3. The Offices of Christ

A. Prophet

He revealed God to man and spoke God's Word.

📖 Deuteronomy 18:15
📖 Luke 24:19 – “A prophet mighty in deed and word...”

B. Priest

He offered Himself as a sacrifice and now intercedes for believers.

📖 Hebrews 4:14–16
📖 Hebrews 7:25 – “He ever liveth to make intercession”

C. King

He rules over all creation and will return to reign forever.

📖 Matthew 28:18
📖 Revelation 19:16 – “King of kings, and Lord of lords”

✝️ 4. The Work of Christ

A. Atonement

Christ's death was substitutionary—He died in the place of sinners.

📖 Isaiah 53:5–6
📖 2 Corinthians 5:21
📖 1 Peter 2:24

B. Resurrection

Jesus rose bodily from the grave, conquering sin and death.

📖 1 Corinthians 15:3–4
📖 Romans 4:25

C. Ascension and Exaltation

He ascended into heaven and is now glorified.

📖 Acts 1:9
📖 Philippians 2:9–11

D. Intercession

He is the believer’s advocate before the Father.

📖 Hebrews 7:25
📖 1 John 2:1

🔜 5. The Second Coming of Christ

Christ will return physically, visibly, and gloriously to judge the world and establish His kingdom.

📖 Acts 1:11
📖 Revelation 22:12
📖 Matthew 24:30–31

🧠 6. Importance of Christology

Christ is the center of the entire Bible (Luke 24:27)
Understanding Christ is essential to understanding salvation
A right view of Christ protects against false doctrines (1 John 4:2–3)
Christ is the only mediator between God and man (1 Timothy 2:5)

📌 Summary Table

Topic	Description
Pre-existence	Christ existed before creation as God
Deity	Christ is fully God
Humanity	Christ is fully human
Hypostatic Union	One person, two natures
Offices of Christ	Prophet (revealer), Priest (mediator), King (ruler)
Atonement	Died for sin in the place of sinners
Resurrection	Rose bodily to secure victory over death
Ascension & Intercession	Glorified in heaven, now intercedes
Second Coming	Will return in glory to judge and reign
Centrality	Christ is the focus of all redemptive history

📘 Memory Verses

John 1:1–3, 14
Hebrews 4:15
Philippians 2:5–11
Isaiah 53:5–6
1 Timothy 2:5
Acts 1:11
1 Corinthians 15:3–4

📘 Utangulizi wa Kristolojia

(Mafundisho Kuhusu Nafsi na Kazi ya Yesu Kristo)
Sehemu ya Tatu ya Teolojia ya Mfumo

🔍 Maana ya Kristolojia

Kristolojia ni tawi la Teolojia ya Mfumo linaloshughulikia:

Nafsi ya Yesu Kristo (Uungu na ubinadamu wake)
Kazi ya Kristo (uumbaji, ukombozi, upatanisho)
Majukumu ya Kristo (Nabii, Kuhani, Mfalme)
Hali za Kristo (kabla ya mwili, katika mwili, utukufu na kurudi kwake)

📖 Andiko kuu:

“Nanyi mwaonaje, mimi ni nani? Simoni Petro akajibu akasema, Wewe ndiwe Kristo, Mwana wa Mungu aliye hai.” – Mathayo 16:15–16

📚 1. Uwepo wa Milele na Uungu wa Kristo

A. Uwepo wa Milele

Yesu Kristo alikuwapo kabla hajachukua mwili wa kibinadamu. Alishiriki katika uumbaji na yupo milele pamoja na Baba.

📖 Yohana 1:1–3
📖 Yohana 17:5
📖 Wakolosai 1:16–17

B. Uungu wa Kristo

Yesu ni Mungu kamili—ana usawa wa kiini na Baba.

📖 Yohana 1:1 – “...Naye Neno alikuwa Mungu.”
📖 Yohana 10:30 – “Mimi na Baba tu umoja.”
📖 Waebrania 1:8 – “Kiti chako cha enzi, Ee Mungu, ni cha milele.”

🧍 2. Ubinadamu wa Kristo

Yesu alichukua mwili halisi wa kibinadamu lakini hakuwa na dhambi.

📖 Yohana 1:14 – “Naye Neno alifanyika mwili...”
📖 Waebrania 2:14
📖 Waebrania 4:15 – “...ila hakufanya dhambi.”

🔄 Muungano wa Asili Mbili (Hypostatic Union)

Yesu ni mtu mmoja mwenye asili mbili: Mungu kamili na mwanadamu kamili.
Asili hizi mbili zimeungana bila kuchanganyika, kubadilika, kugawanyika au kutenganishwa.

👑 3. Majukumu ya Kristo

A. Nabii

Alifunua mapenzi ya Mungu kwa wanadamu.

📖 Kumbukumbu 18:15
📖 Luka 24:19

B. Kuhani

Alijitoa kuwa dhabihu kwa ajili ya dhambi na anaendelea kuwaombea waumini.

📖 Waebrania 4:14–16
📖 Waebrania 7:25

C. Mfalme

Ana mamlaka yote sasa na atatawala milele atakaporudi.

📖 Mathayo 28:18
📖 Ufunuo 19:16

✝️ 4. Kazi ya Kristo

A. Upatanisho (Atonement)

Kifo cha Kristo kilikuwa badala ya wenye dhambi—alikufa kwa ajili yetu.

📖 Isaya 53:5–6
📖 2 Wakorintho 5:21
📖 1 Petro 2:24

B. Ufufuo

Yesu alifufuka kimwili kutoka kwa wafu, akishinda dhambi na mauti.

📖 1 Wakorintho 15:3–4
📖 Warumi 4:25

C. Kupaa na Kutukuzwa

Alipaa mbinguni na sasa yuko katika utukufu wa milele.

📖 Matendo 1:9
📖 Wafilipi 2:9–11

D. Maombezi (Intercession)

Yesu ndiye mwombezi wetu mbele za Mungu.

📖 Waebrania 7:25
📖 1 Yohana 2:1

🔜 5. Kurudi Kwa Kristo

Yesu atarudi kimwili, kwa wazi na kwa utukufu, kuhukumu dunia na kutawala milele.

📖 Matendo 1:11
📖 Ufunuo 22:12
📖 Mathayo 24:30–31

🧠 6. Umuhimu wa Kristoolojia

Kristo ndiye kiini cha Biblia yote (Luka 24:27)
Kumjua Kristo ni lazima ili kuelewa wokovu
Uelewa sahihi wa Kristo hulinda dhidi ya uzushi (1 Yohana 4:2–3)
Yesu ndiye mpatanishi wa pekee kati ya Mungu na wanadamu (1 Timotheo 2:5)

📌 Muhtasari wa Somo

Kipengele	Maelezo
Uwepo wa milele	Kristo alikuwepo kabla ya ulimwengu
Uungu	Kristo ni Mungu kamili
Ubinadamu	Kristo ni mwanadamu kamili
Muungano wa asili mbili	Nafsi moja, asili mbili – Mungu na mwanadamu
Majukumu ya Kristo	Nabii (afunua), Kuhani (ampatanisha), Mfalme (atawala)
Kazi ya Upatanisho	Alikufa kwa ajili ya wenye dhambi
Ufufuo	Alifufuka kimwili
Kupaa na Maombezi	Yuko mbinguni na anaendelea kuombea
Kurudi kwake	Atarudi kwa utukufu
Umuhimu	Kristo ni msingi wa wokovu na ufunuo wa Mungu

📘 Mistari ya Kukariri

Yohana 1:1–3, 14
Waebrania 4:15
Wafilipi 2:5–11
Isaya 53:5–6
1 Timotheo 2:5
Matendo 1:11
1 Wakorintho 15:3–4

📘 Introduction to Pneumatology

(The Doctrine of the Holy Spirit)
Part Four of Systematic Theology

🔍 Definition of Pneumatology

Pneumatology is the branch of theology that studies the Person and work of the Holy Spirit. It addresses:

The deity and personality of the Holy Spirit
The Spirit’s role in the life of Christ, the believer, and the church
The Spirit’s work in inspiration, regeneration, sanctification, and spiritual gifts
Distinctions from unbiblical or charismatic distortions of the Spirit’s work

📖 Key Verse:

“Now the Lord is that Spirit: and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty.” – 2 Corinthians 3:17

🕊️ 1. The Personhood of the Holy Spirit

The Holy Spirit is not a force or influence, but a divine person with mind, will, and emotions.

Scriptural Proofs:

He teaches – John 14:26
He speaks – Acts 13:2
He can be grieved – Ephesians 4:30
He intercedes – Romans 8:26

👑 2. The Deity of the Holy Spirit

The Holy Spirit is fully God, sharing all divine attributes with the Father and the Son.

Attributes of Deity:

Omniscience – 1 Corinthians 2:10–11
Omnipresence – Psalm 139:7–10
Eternality – Hebrews 9:14
Power in creation – Genesis 1:2

📖 Acts 5:3–4 – Lying to the Holy Spirit is lying to God.

✝️ 3. The Work of the Holy Spirit in Redemption

A. Inspiration of Scripture

The Spirit moved men to write God's Word infallibly.

📖 2 Timothy 3:16
📖 2 Peter 1:21

B. Conviction of Sin

He exposes the world’s sin and need for righteousness.

📖 John 16:8

C. Regeneration

The Spirit gives new spiritual life—being “born again.”

📖 John 3:5–6
📖 Titus 3:5

D. Indwelling

Every believer is permanently indwelt by the Holy Spirit.

📖 Romans 8:9
📖 1 Corinthians 6:19

E. Sealing

The Spirit is the guarantee of the believer’s final redemption.

📖 Ephesians 1:13–14

F. Sanctification

He sets the believer apart for holiness.

📖 2 Thessalonians 2:13
📖 Galatians 5:22–23 (Fruit of the Spirit)

G. Illumination

He enables believers to understand spiritual truth.

📖 1 Corinthians 2:10–14

🛐 4. The Role of the Spirit in the Life of Christ

Conceived by the Spirit – Luke 1:35
Anointed at Baptism – Matthew 3:16
Led by the Spirit – Luke 4:1
Empowered for ministry – Acts 10:38
Raised by the Spirit – Romans 8:11

🏛️ 5. The Work of the Spirit in the Church

Baptizes believers into one body – 1 Corinthians 12:13
Gives spiritual gifts for the edification of the body – 1 Corinthians 12:4–11
Appoints overseers – Acts 20:28
Unites believers – Ephesians 4:3–4
Empowers mission and witness – Acts 1:8

⚠️ 6. Errors and Counterfeits to Avoid

Mystical and emotional excesses that are not based on Scripture
Modern charismatic distortions that equate the Spirit’s work with uncontrolled manifestations
False doctrine that denies the Spirit’s deity or treats Him as an impersonal force

📖 1 John 4:1 – “Try the spirits whether they are of God.”

📌 Summary Table

Doctrine	Biblical Teaching
The Spirit is a Person	Has mind, will, emotions – John 14:26; Romans 8:27
The Spirit is God	Shares divine attributes – Acts 5:3–4; Psalm 139:7–10
The Spirit inspired Scripture	2 Timothy 3:16; 2 Peter 1:21
The Spirit regenerates	John 3:5–6; Titus 3:5
The Spirit sanctifies	Galatians 5:22–23; 2 Thessalonians 2:13
The Spirit indwells & seals	Romans 8:9; Ephesians 1:13–14
The Spirit gives gifts	1 Corinthians 12:4–11
The Spirit glorifies Christ	John 16:14

📘 Memory Verses

2 Corinthians 3:17
John 14:26
Romans 8:9
Titus 3:5
Ephesians 1:13–14
Acts 1:8
Galatians 5:22–23

📘 Utangulizi wa Pneumatolojia

(Mafundisho Kuhusu Roho Mtakatifu)
Sehemu ya Nne ya Teolojia ya Mfumo

🔍 Maana ya Pneumatolojia

Pneumatolojia ni tawi la teolojia linalojifunza kuhusu nafsi na kazi ya Roho Mtakatifu. Linaangazia:

Uungu na utu wa Roho Mtakatifu
Nafasi ya Roho Mtakatifu katika maisha ya Kristo, waumini na Kanisa
Kazi ya Roho katika uandishi wa Maandiko, kuzaliwa upya, utakaso, na vipawa
Tofauti kati ya kazi ya kweli ya Roho na upotovu wa karismatiki au mafundisho ya uongo

📖 Andiko kuu:

“Basi Bwana ni Roho; walakini palipo na Roho wa Bwana, hapo ndipo penye uhuru.” – 2 Wakorintho 3:17

🕊️ 1. Utu wa Roho Mtakatifu

Roho Mtakatifu si nguvu au mvuto tu, bali ni nafsi ya kiungu mwenye akili, mapenzi, na hisia.

Ushahidi wa Maandiko:

Hufundisha – Yohana 14:26
Husema – Matendo 13:2
Huhuzunika – Waefeso 4:30
Huombea – Warumi 8:26

👑 2. Uungu wa Roho Mtakatifu

Roho Mtakatifu ni Mungu kamili, mwenye sifa zote za kiungu kama Baba na Mwana.

Sifa za Uungu:

Ujua yote – 1 Wakorintho 2:10–11
Uwepo kila mahali – Zaburi 139:7–10
Umilele – Waebrania 9:14
Nguvu ya uumbaji – Mwanzo 1:2

📖 Matendo 5:3–4 – Kusema uongo kwa Roho ni kusema uongo kwa Mungu.

✝️ 3. Kazi ya Roho Katika Mpango wa Wokovu

A. Uvuvio wa Maandiko

Roho aliwaongoza waandishi wa Biblia kuandika Neno la Mungu bila makosa.

📖 2 Timotheo 3:16
📖 2 Petro 1:21

B. Kushuhudia Dhambi

Roho hufunua dhambi ya ulimwengu na uhitaji wa haki.

📖 Yohana 16:8

C. Kuzaliwa Upya

Roho huleta uzima mpya wa kiroho—kuzaliwa mara ya pili.

📖 Yohana 3:5–6
📖 Tito 3:5

D. Kukaa Ndani ya Waumini

Kila muumini anakaliwa na Roho kwa kudumu.

📖 Warumi 8:9
📖 1 Wakorintho 6:19

E. Kutiwa Muhuri

Roho ni dhamana ya ukombozi wa mwisho wa muumini.

📖 Waefeso 1:13–14

F. Utakaso

Roho huwafanya waumini kuwa watakatifu.

📖 2 Wathesalonike 2:13
📖 Wagalatia 5:22–23 (Tunda la Roho)

G. Kutoa Mwangaza wa Ufahamu

Roho huwasaidia waumini kuelewa kweli ya kiroho.

📖 1 Wakorintho 2:10–14

🛐 4. Nafasi ya Roho Katika Maisha ya Kristo

Alitungwa mimba kwa Roho – Luka 1:35
Alitiwa mafuta wakati wa ubatizo – Mathayo 3:16
Aliuongoza katika huduma – Luka 4:1
Alihifadhiwa na kutumika kwa nguvu katika huduma – Matendo 10:38
Alimfufua kutoka kwa wafu – Warumi 8:11

🏛️ 5. Kazi ya Roho Katika Kanisa

Hubatiza waumini kuwa mwili mmoja – 1 Wakorintho 12:13
Hugawa vipawa vya kiroho – 1 Wakorintho 12:4–11
Huwachagua viongozi wa kanisa – Matendo 20:28
Hutengeneza umoja – Waefeso 4:3–4
Hutoa nguvu kwa ajili ya ushuhuda na huduma – Matendo 1:8

⚠️ 6. Makosa na Upotovu wa Kuepuka

Ukarismatiki uliopitiliza usiofuata Maandiko
Kudhani Roho ni hisia au msisimko tu
Mafundisho ya uongo yanayokataa uungu wa Roho au kumfanya kuwa nguvu isiyo na utu

📖 1 Yohana 4:1 – “Mwapime roho, kwamba zimetokana na Mungu.”

📌 Muhtasari wa Somo

Fundisho	Mafundisho ya Kimaandiko
Roho ni Nafsi	Ana akili, mapenzi, na hisia – Yohana 14:26; Warumi 8:27
Roho ni Mungu	Ana sifa za kiungu – Matendo 5:3–4; Zaburi 139:7–10
Anaivuvia Maandiko	2 Timotheo 3:16; 2 Petro 1:21
Huzaliwa upya waumini	Yohana 3:5–6; Tito 3:5
Hufanya utakaso	Wagalatia 5:22–23; 2 Wathesalonike 2:13
Hukaa na kutiwa muhuri	Warumi 8:9; Waefeso 1:13–14
Hutoa vipawa	1 Wakorintho 12:4–11
Humtukuza Kristo	Yohana 16:14

📘 Mistari ya Kukariri

2 Wakorintho 3:17
Yohana 14:26
Warumi 8:9
Tito 3:5
Waefeso 1:13–14
Matendo 1:8
Wagalatia 5:22–23

📘 Introduction to Anthropology

(The Doctrine of Man)
Part Five of Systematic Theology

🔍 Definition of Anthropology

Anthropology, from a theological standpoint, is the study of man according to God's revelation in Scripture. It answers critical questions such as:

What is man?
Where did he come from?
What is his purpose?
What happened in the Fall?
What is man's condition apart from grace?

📖 Key Verse:

“What is man, that thou art mindful of him? and the son of man, that thou visitest him?” – Psalm 8:4

🏗️ 1. The Origin of Man

Man was created directly by God in His image, not by evolution or chance.

📖 Genesis 1:26–27 – “Let us make man in our image...”
📖 Genesis 2:7 – God formed man from the dust and breathed life into him.
📖 Acts 17:26 – All nations descended from one man.

👤 2. The Nature of Man

A. Constitution of Man

There are two primary views:

Dichotomy – Man consists of body and soul/spirit (Genesis 2:7; Matthew 10:28).
Trichotomy – Man consists of body, soul, and spirit (1 Thessalonians 5:23; Hebrews 4:12).

Regardless of view, Scripture clearly teaches that man is both physical and spiritual.

B. Made in God’s Image

To be made in God's image includes:

Personality – mind, will, emotions
Spiritual capacity – to know and relate to God
Moral responsibility – accountable to God
Dominion – authority over creation (Genesis 1:28)

🍎 3. The Fall of Man

The fall occurred when Adam and Eve disobeyed God in the Garden of Eden.

📖 Genesis 3:1–19 – Sin entered through Adam
📖 Romans 5:12 – Sin and death passed to all men
📖 1 Corinthians 15:22 – “In Adam all die...”

Results of the Fall:

Spiritual death – separation from God (Ephesians 2:1)
Physical death – mortality introduced (Genesis 3:19)
Total depravity – man’s entire nature is corrupted by sin
Loss of original righteousness – man no longer reflects God’s moral image

🛑 4. The Condition of Fallen Man

Man is not merely sick, but dead in sin without grace.

📖 Romans 3:10–18 – “There is none righteous...”
📖 Ephesians 2:1–3 – “Dead in trespasses and sins”
📖 John 6:44 – No one can come unless drawn by the Father
📖 1 Corinthians 2:14 – The natural man does not receive the things of the Spirit

👑 5. The Purpose of Man

Man was created to glorify God and enjoy Him forever.

📖 Isaiah 43:7 – “I have created him for my glory”
📖 Ecclesiastes 12:13 – “Fear God, and keep his commandments”
📖 1 Corinthians 10:31 – “Whatsoever ye do... do all to the glory of God”

🧠 6. The Dignity and Value of Man

All human beings have dignity and worth because they are made in God’s image.

📖 Genesis 9:6 – Human life is sacred
📖 James 3:9 – Speaking evil of others dishonors the image of God

This truth is the foundation of Christian ethics, justice, and human rights.

📌 Summary Table

Doctrine	Biblical Teaching
Man’s Origin	Created by God in His image – Genesis 1:26–27
Nature of Man	Physical and spiritual – body, soul, and/or spirit
Image of God	Reflects God's personality, morality, and purpose
The Fall	Brought sin, death, and depravity – Genesis 3; Romans 5:12
Condition of Man	Totally depraved and spiritually dead without grace
Purpose of Man	To glorify and enjoy God – Isaiah 43:7; 1 Cor. 10:31
Dignity of Man	All human life is sacred – Genesis 9:6; James 3:9

📘 Memory Verses

Genesis 1:26–27
Romans 5:12
Ephesians 2:1
Isaiah 43:7
1 Corinthians 10:31
Psalm 8:4

📘 Utangulizi wa Anthropolojia

(Mafundisho Kuhusu Mwanadamu)
Sehemu ya Tano ya Teolojia ya Mfumo

🔍 Maana ya Anthropolojia

Anthropolojia ya Kiungu ni utafiti wa mwanadamu kulingana na ufunuo wa Mungu katika Maandiko. Inajibu maswali muhimu kama:

Mwanadamu ni nani?
Alitoka wapi?
Kusudi lake ni nini?
Nini kilitokea katika anguko?
Hali ya mwanadamu bila neema ikoje?

📖 Andiko Kuu:

“Mwanadamu ni kitu gani hata umkumbuke? Na binadamu hata umwangalie?” – Zaburi 8:4

🏗️ 1. Asili ya Mwanadamu

Mwanadamu aliumbwa moja kwa moja na Mungu kwa mfano Wake, si kwa mchakato wa mageuzi.

📖 Mwanzo 1:26–27 – “Na tumfanye mtu kwa mfano wetu...”
📖 Mwanzo 2:7 – Mungu akamfanya mtu kwa mavumbi na akampulizia pumzi ya uhai.
📖 Matendo 17:26 – Mataifa yote yametoka kwa mtu mmoja.

👤 2. Asili ya Mwanadamu

A. Muundo wa Mwanadamu

Kuna mitazamo miwili mikuu:

Dikotomia – Mwanadamu ana mwili na roho/nafsi (Mwanzo 2:7; Mathayo 10:28)
Trikotomia – Mwanadamu ana mwili, nafsi, na roho (1 Wathesalonike 5:23; Waebrania 4:12)

Maandiko yanafundisha wazi kwamba mwanadamu ni mchanganyiko wa kimwili na kiroho.

B. Kuumbwa kwa Mfano wa Mungu

Kuwa kwa mfano wa Mungu kunajumuisha:

Utu binafsi – akili, mapenzi, na hisia
Uwezo wa kiroho – kumjua na kumwabudu Mungu
Wajibu wa maadili – kuwajibika kwa Mungu
Utawala – mamlaka juu ya viumbe (Mwanzo 1:28)

🍎 3. Anguko la Mwanadamu

Anguko lilitokea wakati Adamu na Hawa walimwasi Mungu katika bustani ya Edeni.

📖 Mwanzo 3:1–19 – Dhambi iliingia kupitia Adamu
📖 Warumi 5:12 – Dhambi na mauti ziliingia kwa watu wote
📖 1 Wakorintho 15:22 – “Kwa kuwa katika Adamu wote wanakufa...”

Matokeo ya Anguko:

Kifo cha kiroho – kutengwa na Mungu (Waefeso 2:1)
Kifo cha kimwili – mwanadamu akawa wa kufa (Mwanzo 3:19)
Upotovu kamili (Total Depravity) – asili yote ya mwanadamu iliharibika kwa dhambi
Kupoteza haki ya awali – mwanadamu haakisi tena tabia ya Mungu kwa usahihi

🛑 4. Hali ya Mwanadamu Aliyeanguka

Mwanadamu si mgonjwa tu, bali amekufa kiroho pasipo neema ya Mungu.

📖 Warumi 3:10–18 – “Hakuna mwenye haki hata mmoja...”
📖 Waefeso 2:1–3 – “Mlikuwa wafu kwa sababu ya makosa yenu na dhambi zenu”
📖 Yohana 6:44 – Hakuna awezae kuja kwa Kristo ila azovutwe na Baba
📖 1 Wakorintho 2:14 – Mtu wa asili hawezi kupokea mambo ya Roho

👑 5. Kusudi la Mwanadamu

Mwanadamu aliumbwa ili amtukuze Mungu na afurahie ushirika naye milele.

📖 Isaya 43:7 – “Nimemwumba kwa ajili ya utukufu wangu”
📖 Mhubiri 12:13 – “Mche Mungu, nawe uzishike amri zake”
📖 1 Wakorintho 10:31 – “...fanyeni yote kwa utukufu wa Mungu”

🧠 6. Heshima na Thamani ya Mwanadamu

Kila mwanadamu ana heshima ya kipekee kwa sababu ameumbwa kwa mfano wa Mungu.

📖 Mwanzo 9:6 – Uhai wa binadamu ni mtakatifu
📖 Yakobo 3:9 – Kumkashifu mtu ni kukashifu mfano wa Mungu

Hili ndilo msingi wa maadili ya Kikristo, haki za binadamu, na utu wa maisha yote.

📌 Muhtasari wa Mafundisho

Fundisho	Mafundisho ya Kimaandiko
Asili ya Mwanadamu	Mungu alimuumba moja kwa moja – Mwanzo 1:26–27
Muundo wa Mwanadamu	Mwili na nafsi/roho – Mwanzo 2:7; 1 Wathesalonike 5:23
Mfano wa Mungu	Akili, maadili, utawala, ushirika wa kiroho
Anguko	Lilileta dhambi, mauti, upotovu – Mwanzo 3; Warumi 5:12
Hali ya Mwanadamu	Ameharibika kabisa, amekufa kiroho – Warumi 3; Waefeso 2:1
Kusudi la Mwanadamu	Kumtukuza Mungu na kumtii – Isaya 43:7; 1 Wakorintho 10:31
Heshima ya Mwanadamu	Kila mtu ana thamani – Mwanzo 9:6; Yakobo 3:9

📘 Mistari ya Kukariri

Mwanzo 1:26–27
Warumi 5:12
Waefeso 2:1
Isaya 43:7
1 Wakorintho 10:31
Zaburi 8:4

📘 Introduction to Hamartiology

(The Doctrine of Sin)
Part Six of Systematic Theology

🔍 Definition of Hamartiology

Hamartiology is the branch of theology that studies sin. The word comes from the Greek hamartia, meaning "to miss the mark." This doctrine explains:

What sin is
Where it came from
Its effect on human nature and the world
The guilt and punishment it brings
The need for redemption in Christ

📖 Key Verse:

“For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God.” – Romans 3:23

🧬 1. The Origin of Sin

Sin did not originate with God, but with the rebellion of Satan and later through Adam's disobedience.

📖 Ezekiel 28:15 – Lucifer was perfect until iniquity was found in him
📖 Genesis 3:1–6 – The Fall of man through the temptation of Eve and the sin of Adam
📖 Romans 5:12 – Sin entered the world through one man

God is not the author of sin, but He permitted it in His sovereign will for His ultimate glory (Romans 11:33–36).

❗ 2. The Nature of Sin

Sin is:

Any lack of conformity to God’s holy character
Any transgression of God's law, in thought, word, or deed
Both acts of commission (doing wrong) and omission (failing to do right)

📖 1 John 3:4 – “Sin is the transgression of the law”
📖 Romans 14:23 – “Whatsoever is not of faith is sin”
📖 James 4:17 – To know to do good and not do it is sin

Forms of Sin:

Original sin – The inherited corruption and guilt from Adam
Actual sin – Personal sinful acts, thoughts, and motives
Imputed sin – The judicial reckoning of Adam’s sin to all his descendants (Romans 5:12–19)

🧍 3. The Universality of Sin

All people, by nature and by choice, are sinners.

📖 Romans 3:10–12 – “There is none righteous, no, not one”
📖 Psalm 51:5 – “In sin did my mother conceive me”
📖 Ecclesiastes 7:20 – No one is righteous and sinless

⚰️ 4. The Consequences of Sin

A. Spiritual Death

Separation from God (Ephesians 2:1; Isaiah 59:2)

B. Physical Death

Sin introduced death to the human body (Genesis 2:17; Romans 6:23)

C. Eternal Death

If unrepentant, sinners face eternal separation from God (Revelation 20:14–15)

D. Total Depravity

Every part of man's nature—mind, will, emotions—is corrupted by sin (Jeremiah 17:9; Romans 8:7)

Total depravity does not mean man is as bad as he could be, but that sin affects every part of his being, and he cannot save himself.

⚖️ 5. The Guilt and Judgment of Sin

All sin deserves divine wrath and eternal punishment.

📖 Romans 1:18 – God's wrath is revealed against all ungodliness
📖 Romans 6:23 – “The wages of sin is death”
📖 Galatians 3:10 – Cursed is everyone who does not continue in all the law
📖 Matthew 25:46 – Everlasting punishment for the wicked

✝️ 6. The Only Remedy for Sin

The only hope is found in Jesus Christ, the sinless Savior.

📖 Isaiah 53:5–6 – Christ bore our iniquities
📖 2 Corinthians 5:21 – He became sin for us
📖 Romans 5:8 – While we were sinners, Christ died for us
📖 1 John 1:7–9 – The blood of Jesus cleanses us from all sin

📌 Summary Table

Doctrine	Biblical Teaching
Origin of Sin	Satan and Adam's rebellion – Genesis 3; Romans 5:12
Nature of Sin	Lawlessness, unbelief, rebellion – 1 John 3:4; Romans 14:23
Universality of Sin	All are sinners – Romans 3:10–23; Psalm 51:5
Consequences of Sin	Spiritual, physical, and eternal death – Romans 6:23; Revelation 20:15
Total Depravity	Complete corruption of human nature – Jeremiah 17:9; Romans 8:7
Guilt and Judgment	Wrath of God abides on sinners – Romans 1:18; Galatians 3:10
Remedy Through Christ	Substitutionary atonement – Isaiah 53; Romans 5:8; 2 Corinthians 5:21

📘 Memory Verses

Romans 3:23
1 John 3:4
Romans 5:12
Romans 6:23
Isaiah 53:6
2 Corinthians 5:21

📘 Utangulizi wa Hamartiolojia

(Mafundisho Kuhusu Dhambi)
Sehemu ya Sita ya Teolojia ya Mfumo

🔍 Maana ya Hamartiolojia

Hamartiolojia ni tawi la teolojia linalojifunza kuhusu dhambi. Neno linatokana na Kigiriki hamartia, linalomaanisha "kukosa shabaha." Mafundisho haya yanaeleza:

Dhambi ni nini
Ilitoka wapi
Athari zake kwa mwanadamu na ulimwengu
Hatia na adhabu ya dhambi
Hitaji la wokovu kwa njia ya Kristo

📖 Andiko Kuu:

“Kwa sababu wote wamefanya dhambi, na kupungukiwa na utukufu wa Mungu.” – Warumi 3:23

🧬 1. Asili ya Dhambi

Dhambi haikutoka kwa Mungu bali ilianza na uasi wa Shetani, na baadaye kupitia kutotii kwa Adamu.

📖 Ezekieli 28:15 – Lusifa alikuwa mkamilifu hadi uovu ukapatikana ndani yake
📖 Mwanzo 3:1–6 – Anguko la mwanadamu kupitia majaribu ya Ibilisi
📖 Warumi 5:12 – Dhambi iliingia ulimwenguni kupitia mtu mmoja

Mungu si mwanzilishi wa dhambi, lakini aliiruhusu kwa kusudi lake la milele na utukufu Wake (Warumi 11:33–36).

❗ 2. Asili na Tabia ya Dhambi

Dhambi ni:

Kutokulingana na tabia takatifu ya Mungu
Uvunjaji wa sheria ya Mungu kwa mawazo, maneno, au matendo
Dhambi inaweza kuwa kwa kufanya lililokatazwa (commission) au kuto kufanya lililoagizwa (omission)

📖 1 Yohana 3:4 – “Dhambi ni uvunjaji wa sheria”
📖 Warumi 14:23 – “Kila lisilotokana na imani ni dhambi”
📖 Yakobo 4:17 – Kujua kutenda mema na kutotenda ni dhambi

Aina za Dhambi:

Dhambi ya asili – Upotovu na hatia tunayoirithi kutoka kwa Adamu
Dhambi ya matendo – Mambo tunayofanya au kufikiri kinyume na mapenzi ya Mungu
Dhambi iliyoambatanishwa (imputed) – Hukumu ya dhambi ya Adamu imehesabiwa kwa kizazi chake (Warumi 5:12–19)

🧍 3. Uenea wa Dhambi kwa Wote

Watu wote ni wenye dhambi kwa asili na uchaguzi wao.

📖 Warumi 3:10–12 – “Hakuna mwenye haki, wala mmoja”
📖 Zaburi 51:5 – “Katika dhambi niliumbwa...”
📖 Mhubiri 7:20 – “Hakuna mwenye haki ambaye hatendi dhambi”

⚰️ 4. Matokeo ya Dhambi

A. Kifo cha Kiroho

Kutengwa na Mungu (Waefeso 2:1; Isaya 59:2)

B. Kifo cha Kimwili

Dhambi ilileta mauti kwa miili ya wanadamu (Mwanzo 2:17; Warumi 6:23)

C. Kifo cha Milele

Wenye dhambi wasiotubu hukabili mauti ya milele (Ufunuo 20:14–15)

D. Upotovu Kamili (Total Depravity)

Kila sehemu ya asili ya mwanadamu—akili, mapenzi, hisia—imepotoshwa na dhambi (Yeremia 17:9; Warumi 8:7)

Upotovu kamili haumaanishi kuwa watu wote ni waovu kwa kiwango kile kile, bali kwamba dhambi imeathiri kila sehemu ya mwanadamu, na hawezi kujokoa mwenyewe.

⚖️ 5. Hatia na Hukumu ya Dhambi

Dhambi yote inastahili ghadhabu ya Mungu na adhabu ya milele.

📖 Warumi 1:18 – Ghadhabu ya Mungu hujifunua juu ya uovu wote
📖 Warumi 6:23 – “Mshahara wa dhambi ni mauti”
📖 Wagalatia 3:10 – “Amehukumiwa kila mtu asiyedumu kuitii sheria yote”
📖 Mathayo 25:46 – Wenye dhambi huingia katika adhabu ya milele

✝️ 6. Tiba ya Dhambi ni Kristo Peke Yake

Tumaini pekee kwa wenye dhambi hupatikana katika Yesu Kristo, aliye mtakatifu asiye na dhambi.

📖 Isaya 53:5–6 – Kristo alibeba dhambi zetu
📖 2 Wakorintho 5:21 – Alifanywa dhambi kwa ajili yetu
📖 Warumi 5:8 – Alikufa kwa ajili ya wenye dhambi
📖 1 Yohana 1:7–9 – Damu ya Yesu yatusafisha dhambi zote

📌 Muhtasari wa Mafundisho

Fundisho	Mafundisho ya Kimaandiko
Asili ya Dhambi	Uasi wa Shetani na Adamu – Mwanzo 3; Warumi 5:12
Tabia ya Dhambi	Uasi, ukosefu wa imani, kuvunja sheria – 1 Yohana 3:4; Yakobo 4:17
Dhambi kwa Wote	Watu wote ni wenye dhambi – Warumi 3:10–23; Zaburi 51:5
Matokeo ya Dhambi	Kifo cha kiroho, kimwili, na cha milele – Warumi 6:23; Ufunuo 20:15
Upotovu Kamili	Asili ya mwanadamu imeharibika – Yeremia 17:9; Warumi 8:7
Hatia na Hukumu	Hukumu ya haki ya Mungu – Warumi 1:18; Wagalatia 3:10
Wokovu Katika Kristo	Damu ya Kristo yasafisha dhambi – Isaya 53; Warumi 5:8; 1 Yohana 1:9

📘 Mistari ya Kukariri

Warumi 3:23
1 Yohana 3:4
Warumi 5:12
Warumi 6:23
Isaya 53:6
2 Wakorintho 5:21

📘 Introduction to Angelology

(The Doctrine of Angels)
Part Seven of Systematic Theology

🔍 Definition of Angelology

Angelology is the study of angels—created spiritual beings who serve God and carry out His will. It includes:

The nature and purpose of holy angels
The role of angels in God’s plan
The fall and activity of Satan and demons
The future destiny of all angelic beings

📖 Key Verse:

“Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to minister for them who shall be heirs of salvation?” – Hebrews 1:14

🏗️ 1. The Creation and Nature of Angels

Angels are created beings, not eternal (Colossians 1:16; Psalm 148:2, 5)
They are spirits (Hebrews 1:14), usually invisible, but may appear in physical form
They are not human and do not marry (Matthew 22:30)
They are numerous and powerful (Revelation 5:11; Psalm 103:20)

Characteristics:

Intelligent and moral beings
Immortal (do not die)
Have ranks and orders (archangels, cherubim, seraphim)

👑 2. Classification of Angels

A. Good (Elect) Angels

Serve God and His people – Hebrews 1:14
Rejoice over sinners who repent – Luke 15:10
Guard and guide believers – Psalm 91:11
Worship God constantly – Isaiah 6:1–3; Revelation 4:8

Notable Angels:

Michael – The archangel and warrior (Daniel 10:13; Jude 9)
Gabriel – The messenger (Daniel 9:21; Luke 1:26–38)

B. Fallen Angels (Demons)

Led by Satan, who rebelled against God (Isaiah 14:12–15; Ezekiel 28:12–17)
Cast out of heaven (Revelation 12:7–9)
Oppose God’s purposes and attack believers (1 Peter 5:8; Ephesians 6:11–12)
Doctrinal deception is their main weapon (1 Timothy 4:1; 2 Corinthians 11:14–15)

🧨 3. Satan: The Chief of Fallen Angels

Created as Lucifer, perfect in beauty and wisdom (Ezekiel 28:12–15)
Became proud and rebelled (Isaiah 14:12–14)
Now known as Satan, the accuser, adversary, and deceiver

📖 Names and Titles of Satan:

Devil – Accuser/slanderer (Revelation 12:9–10)
Serpent – Deceiver (Genesis 3; 2 Corinthians 11:3)
Prince of this world (John 12:31)
God of this age (2 Corinthians 4:4)

⚔️ 4. Activities of Demons

Temptation and deception (1 Corinthians 10:20–21; 2 Thessalonians 2:9–10)
Possession and oppression of unbelievers (Mark 5:1–20)
Promote false doctrine (1 Timothy 4:1)
Oppose the church and spiritual growth (Ephesians 6:12)

Believers cannot be possessed, but can be attacked and deceived if not spiritually alert (James 4:7; 1 Peter 5:8–9)

⛪ 5. The Ministry of Angels to Believers

Protection – Psalm 91:11; Acts 12:7
Provision and assistance – 1 Kings 19:5–7
Encouragement – Luke 22:43 (angel strengthens Jesus)
Deliverance – Acts 5:19; Daniel 6:22
Guidance – Acts 8:26
Involvement in death – Luke 16:22 (carried Lazarus to Abraham’s bosom)

🔥 6. The Final Destiny of Angels

Elect Angels:

Will dwell forever in the presence of God, worshipping and serving Him (Revelation 5:11–12)

Fallen Angels:

Will be judged and cast into the lake of fire (Matthew 25:41; Revelation 20:10)

Believers will judge angels (1 Corinthians 6:3)

📌 Summary Table

Category	Description & Key Scriptures
Created Angels	Colossians 1:16; Psalm 148:2,5
Elect (Holy) Angels	Serve and worship God – Hebrews 1:14; Isaiah 6:2–3
Michael and Gabriel	Archangel and messenger – Daniel 10:13; Luke 1:26
Fallen Angels	Followed Satan in rebellion – Revelation 12:4,9
Satan	Chief adversary – Isaiah 14; Ezekiel 28; Revelation 12:9
Activities of Demons	Deception, temptation, possession – Ephesians 6:12; 1 Timothy 4:1
Angelic Ministry	Protection, help, guidance – Psalm 91:11; Acts 12:7; Luke 22:43
Final Judgment	Lake of fire – Matthew 25:41; Revelation 20:10

📘 Memory Verses

Hebrews 1:14
Isaiah 14:12–15
Ephesians 6:12
Psalm 91:11
1 Peter 5:8
Matthew 25:41
1 Corinthians 6:3

📘 Utangulizi wa Angelolojia

(Mafundisho Kuhusu Malaika)
Sehemu ya Saba ya Teolojia ya Mfumo

🔍 Maana ya Angelolojia

Angelolojia ni tawi la teolojia linalojifunza kuhusu malaika—viumbe wa kiroho walioumbwa na Mungu ili kumtumikia na kutimiza mapenzi yake. Mafundisho haya yanahusu:

Asili na tabia ya malaika wema
Nafasi ya malaika katika mpango wa Mungu
Kuanguka kwa Shetani na mapepo
Hatima ya milele ya viumbe hawa wa kiroho

📖 Andiko Kuu:

“Je! Hao wote si roho watumikao, wakitumwa kuwahudumia wale watakaourithi wokovu?” – Waebrania 1:14

🏗️ 1. Uumbaji na Asili ya Malaika

Malaika ni viumbe wa kiroho walioumbwa na Mungu (Wakolosai 1:16; Zaburi 148:2, 5)
Ni roho (Waebrania 1:14), wasioonekana kwa kawaida, lakini huweza kujionyesha kwa namna ya kimwili
Sio wanadamu, hawaoani (Mathayo 22:30)
Ni wengi na wenye nguvu (Ufunuo 5:11; Zaburi 103:20)

Sifa za Malaika:

Wana akili na maadili
Hawafi
Wana madaraja (mikaeli, makerubi, maserafi)

👑 2. Aina za Malaika

A. Malaika Wema (Wateule)

Hutumikia Mungu na watu Wake – Waebrania 1:14
Hufurahia toba ya wenye dhambi – Luka 15:10
Hulinda na kuelekeza waaminio – Zaburi 91:11
Humwabudu Mungu bila kikomo – Isaya 6:1–3; Ufunuo 4:8

Malaika Maalum:

Mikaeli – Malaika mkuu, mpiganaji (Danieli 10:13; Yuda 9)
Gabrieli – Mjumbe (Danieli 9:21; Luka 1:26–38)

B. Malaika Waovu (Mapepo)

Wakiongozwa na Shetani, aliyemwasi Mungu (Isaya 14:12–15; Ezekieli 28:12–17)
Walitupwa kutoka mbinguni (Ufunuo 12:7–9)
Hupinga kazi ya Mungu na hushambulia waamini (1 Petro 5:8; Waefeso 6:11–12)
Hutumia madanganyo ya mafundisho ya uongo (1 Timotheo 4:1; 2 Wakorintho 11:14–15)

🧨 3. Shetani: Kiongozi wa Mapepo

Aliumbwa kama Lusifa, mwenye uzuri na hekima (Ezekieli 28:12–15)
Alijivuna na kuasi (Isaya 14:12–14)
Anajulikana sasa kama Shetani, mshtaki, mpinzani, na mdanganyifu

📖 Majina ya Shetani:

Ibilisi – Mshtaki (Ufunuo 12:9–10)
Nyoka – Mdanganyifu (Mwanzo 3; 2 Wakorintho 11:3)
Mkuu wa ulimwengu huu (Yohana 12:31)
Mungu wa dunia hii (2 Wakorintho 4:4)

⚔️ 4. Kazi za Mapepo

Hudanganya na hujaribu (1 Wakorintho 10:20–21; 2 Wathesalonike 2:9–10)
Hupenyeza au kuwatesa wasioamini (Marko 5:1–20)
Husambaza mafundisho ya uongo (1 Timotheo 4:1)
Hupinga kazi ya Kanisa (Waefeso 6:12)

Waumini hawawezi kupagawa na pepo, lakini wanaweza kushambuliwa au kudanganywa kama hawakukaa macho kiroho (Yakobo 4:7; 1 Petro 5:8–9)

⛪ 5. Huduma ya Malaika kwa Waumini

Ulinzi – Zaburi 91:11; Matendo 12:7
Huduma na msaada – 1 Wafalme 19:5–7
Faraja – Luka 22:43 (Yesu alitiwa nguvu na malaika)
Uokozi – Matendo 5:19; Danieli 6:22
Uelekezaji – Matendo 8:26
Wahusika wakati wa kifo – Luka 16:22 (Lazaro alichukuliwa na malaika)

🔥 6. Hatima ya Malaika

Malaika Wateule:

Watadumu milele wakimtumikia Mungu na kumwabudu (Ufunuo 5:11–12)

Malaika Waovu:

Watahukumiwa na kutupwa kwenye ziwa la moto (Mathayo 25:41; Ufunuo 20:10)

Waamini watahukumu malaika (1 Wakorintho 6:3)

📌 Muhtasari wa Mafundisho

Kundi la Kiroho	Maelezo na Andiko
Malaika walioumbwa	Wakolosai 1:16; Zaburi 148:2,5
Malaika wema	Watumishi wa Mungu – Waebrania 1:14; Isaya 6:2–3
Mikaeli na Gabrieli	Malaika mkuu na mjumbe – Danieli 10:13; Luka 1:26
Mapepo (Malaika waovu)	Wafuasi wa Shetani – Ufunuo 12:4,9
Shetani	Adui mkuu – Isaya 14; Ezekieli 28; Ufunuo 12:9
Kazi za mapepo	Udanganyifu, majaribu – Waefeso 6:12; 1 Timotheo 4:1
Huduma ya malaika	Ulinzi, msaada – Zaburi 91:11; Matendo 12:7; Luka 22:43
Hukumu ya mwisho	Ziwa la moto – Mathayo 25:41; Ufunuo 20:10

📘 Mistari ya Kukariri

Waebrania 1:14
Isaya 14:12–15
Waefeso 6:12
Zaburi 91:11
1 Petro 5:8
Mathayo 25:41
1 Wakorintho 6:3

📘 Introduction to Soteriology

(The Doctrine of Salvation)
Part Eight of Systematic Theology

🔍 Definition of Soteriology

Soteriology comes from the Greek word soteria, meaning “salvation,” and logos, meaning “word” or “study.” It is the theological study of:

What salvation is
Why salvation is necessary
How salvation is provided
How it is applied to the individual
Its present and future effects

📖 Key Verse:

“For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God.” – Ephesians 2:8

🔑 1. The Need for Salvation

Humanity is lost due to sin and separation from God.
Without salvation, all are under God's wrath and condemnation.

📖 Romans 3:23 – “All have sinned...”
📖 John 3:18–19 – Without belief, men are condemned already
📖 Romans 6:23 – The wages of sin is death

✝️ 2. The Source of Salvation

Salvation originates from God alone, by His grace through Jesus Christ.

📖 Titus 2:11 – “For the grace of God that bringeth salvation hath appeared to all men”
📖 Jonah 2:9 – “Salvation is of the Lord”
📖 Acts 4:12 – “There is none other name... whereby we must be saved”

🕊️ 3. The Accomplishment of Salvation

A. Election and Predestination

God, in eternity past, chose to save certain individuals out of fallen humanity.

📖 Ephesians 1:4–5 – Chosen before the foundation of the world
📖 Romans 8:29–30 – The golden chain: foreknown, predestined, called...

B. Atonement

Christ’s substitutionary death paid the penalty for sin.

📖 Isaiah 53:5–6 – “He was wounded for our transgressions...”
📖 Romans 5:8 – “While we were yet sinners, Christ died for us”
📖 2 Corinthians 5:21 – “Made to be sin for us…”

C. Resurrection

Christ’s resurrection proves the sufficiency of His sacrifice and secures our eternal life.

📖 1 Corinthians 15:17 – Without it, our faith is in vain
📖 Romans 4:25 – Raised for our justification

🔄 4. The Application of Salvation

This includes the order of salvation (Ordo Salutis):

Calling – God calls the sinner to Himself (2 Thess. 2:14)
Regeneration – New birth by the Holy Spirit (John 3:3–8; Titus 3:5)
Conversion – Repentance and faith (Acts 20:21)
Justification – Declared righteous by God through faith (Romans 5:1)
Adoption – Brought into God's family (Romans 8:15)
Sanctification – Progressive growth in holiness (1 Thess. 4:3)
Perseverance – God preserves the believer (Phil. 1:6; John 10:28–29)
Glorification – Final perfection in heaven (Romans 8:30)

🛐 5. Key Doctrines in Soteriology

A. Grace

Salvation is undeserved favor (Ephesians 2:8–9)

B. Faith

The means of receiving salvation (Romans 10:9–10)

C. Repentance

A change of mind and heart turning from sin to God (Luke 13:3; Acts 3:19)

D. Justification

Legal declaration of righteousness (Romans 5:1)

E. Regeneration

New spiritual life (John 3:3–6)

F. Sanctification

Lifelong growth in holiness (Hebrews 12:14)

G. Redemption

Purchased from bondage of sin (Ephesians 1:7)

H. Adoption

Made sons of God (Galatians 4:4–7)

I. Glorification

Full restoration at Christ’s return (Romans 8:17, 30)

📌 Summary Table

Stage	Description & Key Scriptures
Election & Predestination	God’s eternal choice – Ephesians 1:4–5; Romans 8:29–30
Atonement	Christ died in our place – Isaiah 53:5–6; 2 Cor. 5:21
Regeneration	New birth – John 3:3–8; Titus 3:5
Justification	Declared righteous – Romans 5:1; Galatians 2:16
Sanctification	Growth in holiness – 1 Thess. 4:3; Heb. 12:14
Glorification	Final perfection – Romans 8:30; 1 Cor. 15:52
Perseverance	God preserves the saved – Phil. 1:6; John 10:28

📘 Memory Verses

Ephesians 2:8–9 – Saved by grace through faith
Titus 3:5 – Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Romans 5:1 – Justified by faith
Romans 8:30 – Ordo Salutis summarized
John 10:28–29 – Eternal security
Acts 4:12 – Salvation in no other name

📘 Utangulizi wa Soteriolojia

(Mafundisho Kuhusu Wokovu)
Sehemu ya Nane ya Teolojia ya Mfumo

🔍 Maana ya Soteriolojia

Neno Soteriolojia limetokana na maneno ya Kigiriki soteria (wokovu) na logos (neno au somo). Hili ni fundisho linalojadili:

Wokovu ni nini
Kwa nini wokovu ni wa lazima
Jinsi wokovu unavyotolewa
Jinsi wokovu unavyotumika kwa mtu binafsi
Athari zake sasa na milele

📖 Andiko Kuu:

“Kwa maana mmeokolewa kwa neema, kwa njia ya imani; wala si kwa nafsi zenu: ni kipawa cha Mungu.” – Waefeso 2:8

🔑 1. Hitaji la Wokovu

Binadamu amepotea kwa sababu ya dhambi na kutengwa na Mungu
Bila wokovu, wote wako chini ya hukumu na ghadhabu ya Mungu

📖 Warumi 3:23 – “Wote wamefanya dhambi...”
📖 Yohana 3:18–19 – Asiyeamini amekwisha kuhukumiwa
📖 Warumi 6:23 – “Mshahara wa dhambi ni mauti”

✝️ 2. Chanzo cha Wokovu

Wokovu umetoka kwa Mungu pekee, kwa neema Yake, kupitia Yesu Kristo

📖 Tito 2:11 – “Neema ya Mungu iwaokoayo wanadamu wote imefunuliwa”
📖 Yona 2:9 – “Wokovu hutoka kwa BWANA”
📖 Matendo 4:12 – “Hakuna jina jingine... tupasalo kuokolewa kwalo”

🕊️ 3. Utekelezaji wa Wokovu

A. Uteuzi (Election) na Uteuzi wa Milele (Predestination)

Mungu alichagua kuokoa baadhi ya wanadamu kabla ya kuwekwa misingi ya dunia

📖 Waefeso 1:4–5 – Alichagua kabla ya kuwekwa msingi wa ulimwengu
📖 Warumi 8:29–30 – Aliowajua, aliwachagua, akawaita...

B. Upatanisho (Atonement)

Kifo cha Kristo kama sadaka ya dhambi, badala ya wenye dhambi

📖 Isaya 53:5–6 – Alijeruhiwa kwa makosa yetu
📖 Warumi 5:8 – Kristo alikufa kwa ajili yetu
📖 2 Wakorintho 5:21 – Alifanywa dhambi kwa ajili yetu

C. Ufufuo

Ufufuo wa Kristo unathibitisha sadaka yake ilikubalika na unatupatia uzima wa milele

📖 1 Wakorintho 15:17 – Bila ufufuo, imani yetu ni bure
📖 Warumi 4:25 – Alifufuliwa kwa ajili ya haki yetu

🔄 4. Utumiaji wa Wokovu kwa Mtu Binafsi

Hii inaitwa Ordo Salutis (Mpangilio wa wokovu):

Mwito (Calling) – Mungu humuita mwenye dhambi (2 Wathes. 2:14)
Kuzaliwa Upya (Regeneration) – Kuzaliwa upya na Roho Mtakatifu (Yohana 3:3–8; Tito 3:5)
Toba na Imani (Conversion) – Kutubu na kumwamini Kristo (Matendo 20:21)
Kuhesabiwa Haki (Justification) – Mungu humhesabu mwenye haki kupitia imani (Warumi 5:1)
Kufanywa Mwana (Adoption) – Kupokelewa kama mtoto wa Mungu (Warumi 8:15)
Utakatifu (Sanctification) – Kukua katika utakatifu (1 Wathes. 4:3)
Kudumu katika Neema (Perseverance) – Mungu huwaweka waamini (Wafilipi 1:6; Yohana 10:28–29)
Utukufu (Glorification) – Kukamilishwa milele (Warumi 8:30)

🛐 5. Mafundisho Muhimu Katika Soteriolojia

A. Neema (Grace)

Wokovu si kwa juhudi bali kwa fadhili zisizostahili (Waefeso 2:8–9)

B. Imani (Faith)

Njia ya kumpokea Kristo na wokovu (Warumi 10:9–10)

C. Toba (Repentance)

Geuko la moyo na akili kutoka kwa dhambi kwenda kwa Mungu (Luka 13:3; Matendo 3:19)

D. Kuhesabiwa Haki (Justification)

Kuhukumiwa kuwa na haki mbele za Mungu (Warumi 5:1)

E. Kuzaliwa Upya (Regeneration)

Kupata uzima mpya wa kiroho (Yohana 3:3–6)

F. Utakatifu (Sanctification)

Ukuaji wa polepole katika utakatifu (Waebrania 12:14)

G. Ukomboleo (Redemption)

Kununuliwa kutoka utumwa wa dhambi (Waefeso 1:7)

H. Uwana (Adoption)

Kufanywa wana wa Mungu (Wagalatia 4:4–7)

I. Utukufu (Glorification)

Kukamilishwa milele kwa sura ya Kristo (Warumi 8:17, 30)

📌 Jedwali la Muhtasari

Hatua ya Wokovu	Maelezo & Andiko Kuu
Uteuzi & Kupangiwa mapema	Uchaguzi wa milele – Waefeso 1:4–5; Warumi 8:29–30
Upatanisho	Kristo alikufa kwa ajili yetu – Isaya 53:5–6; 2 Wakorintho 5:21
Kuzaliwa Upya	Uzima mpya – Yohana 3:3–8; Tito 3:5
Kuhesabiwa Haki	Kupokelewa kuwa na haki – Warumi 5:1; Wagalatia 2:16
Utakatifu	Kukua katika utakatifu – 1 Wathes. 4:3; Waebrania 12:14
Utukufu	Kukamilishwa milele – Warumi 8:30; 1 Wakorintho 15:52
Kudumu katika Neema	Mungu huwifadhi waaminio – Wafilipi 1:6; Yohana 10:28

📘 Mistari ya Kukariri

Waefeso 2:8–9 – Wokovu kwa neema kwa njia ya imani
Tito 3:5 – Kuzaliwa upya kwa Roho Mtakatifu
Warumi 5:1 – Kuhesabiwa haki kwa imani
Warumi 8:30 – Mlolongo wa wokovu
Yohana 10:28–29 – Usalama wa milele
Matendo 4:12 – Hakuna jina lingine la wokovu

📘 Introduction to Ecclesiology

(The Doctrine of the Church)
Part Nine of Systematic Theology

🔍 Definition of Ecclesiology

Ecclesiology comes from the Greek word ekklesia, meaning “called out ones” or “assembly.” It refers to the study of the Church, which is the body of believers redeemed by Christ and indwelt by the Holy Spirit.

📖 Key Verse:

“And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church, which is his body…” – Ephesians 1:22–23

🏗️ 1. The Origin and Foundation of the Church

The Church was founded by Christ (Matthew 16:18)
The Church is built upon Christ as the cornerstone (Ephesians 2:20; 1 Peter 2:6)
Began on the Day of Pentecost (Acts 2), when the Holy Spirit came

🧍‍♂️🧍‍♀️ 2. The Nature of the Church

A. The Universal Church

Composed of all true believers from Pentecost to the Rapture
Described as the Body of Christ (1 Corinthians 12:13; Colossians 1:18)

B. The Local Church

A specific gathering of believers in a certain location (e.g., Ephesus, Corinth)
Tasked with worship, teaching, fellowship, discipline, and outreach (Acts 2:42)

Images of the Church in Scripture:

Body of Christ – 1 Corinthians 12:12–27
Bride of Christ – Ephesians 5:25–27
Temple of the Holy Spirit – 1 Corinthians 3:16
Flock of God – John 10:14–16; 1 Peter 5:2

🎯 3. The Purpose and Mission of the Church

A. Worship – Glorifying God together (John 4:23–24)

B. Edification – Building up one another in the faith (Ephesians 4:11–16)

C. Evangelism and Missions – Reaching the lost (Matthew 28:19–20)

D. Discipleship – Teaching believers to obey Christ (Colossians 1:28)

🛐 4. The Ordinances of the Church

These are symbolic acts commanded by Christ for the Church’s practice:

A. Baptism

Public declaration of faith and identification with Christ
Mode: immersion (Acts 8:36–38; Romans 6:3–5)
For believers only

B. The Lord’s Supper (Communion)

Commemoration of Christ’s death and anticipation of His return
Elements: bread and cup (1 Corinthians 11:23–26)

These are not sacraments (means of grace), but ordinances (acts of obedience).

🧭 5. The Government of the Church

Three common biblical models:

Model	Leadership Type	Scripture References
Episcopal	Bishops or overseers govern	Titus 1:7; 1 Timothy 3:1–7
Presbyterian	Rule by elders (presbyters)	Acts 15:2–6; 1 Timothy 5:17
Congregational	Authority rests in the local congregation	Acts 6:1–6; Matthew 18:17–20

Many churches use a combination of these forms, prioritizing biblical faithfulness and accountability.

🧔 6. Church Leadership Offices

A. Pastor / Elder / Overseer

Primary shepherd and teacher (1 Timothy 3:1–7; 1 Peter 5:1–3)
Also called bishop or elder interchangeably in the New Testament

B. Deacons

Serve the church’s physical needs (Acts 6:1–6; 1 Timothy 3:8–13)
Not rulers, but servants

⚠️ 7. Church Discipline

Necessary to maintain holiness and purity in the Church
Steps in Matthew 18:15–17; 1 Corinthians 5
Goal is restoration, not punishment

⛪ 8. Marks of a True Church

According to Scripture and the Reformers, a true church exhibits:

Right preaching of the Word (2 Timothy 4:2)
Proper administration of the ordinances (Acts 2:41–42)
Exercise of discipline (1 Corinthians 5:1–13)

⏳ 9. The Future of the Church

The Church will be raptured (1 Thessalonians 4:16–17)
Will appear as the Bride of Christ at the Marriage Supper of the Lamb (Revelation 19:7–9)
Will reign with Christ in the millennium (Revelation 20:6)

📌 Summary Table

Topic	Key Scriptures
Founded by Christ	Matthew 16:18
Nature: Body & Bride	1 Corinthians 12; Ephesians 5
Mission of the Church	Matthew 28:19–20; Acts 1:8
Baptism & Communion	Romans 6:3–5; 1 Corinthians 11:23–26
Leadership offices	1 Timothy 3; Titus 1; Acts 6
Discipline	Matthew 18:15–17; 1 Corinthians 5
Future of the Church	1 Thessalonians 4:16–17; Revelation 19:7–9

📘 Memory Verses

Matthew 16:18 – Christ builds the Church
Ephesians 1:22–23 – Christ is head of the Church
Acts 2:42 – Functions of the local Church
1 Corinthians 11:26 – Lord’s Supper
1 Peter 5:2 – Elders shepherding the flock
1 Thessalonians 4:17 – Rapture of the Church

📘 Utangulizi wa Eklesiolojia

(Mafundisho Kuhusu Kanisa)
Sehemu ya Tisa ya Teolojia ya Mfumo

🔍 Maana ya Eklesiolojia

Neno Eklesiolojia limetokana na neno la Kigiriki ekklesia, linalomaanisha "walioitwa kutoka" au "kusanyiko." Hii inahusisha utafiti wa Kanisa, yaani mkusanyiko wa waamini waliokombolewa na Kristo, na kujazwa Roho Mtakatifu.

📖 Andiko Kuu:

“Akamweka vitu vyote chini ya miguu yake, akamweka awe kichwa juu ya vitu vyote kwa ajili ya kanisa, ambalo ndilo mwili wake…” – Waefeso 1:22–23

🏗️ 1. Chanzo na Msingi wa Kanisa

Kanisa lilianzishwa na Kristo (Mathayo 16:18)
Kristo ndiye jiwe kuu la pembeni (Waefeso 2:20; 1 Petro 2:6)
Kanisa lilianza siku ya Pentekoste (Matendo 2), Roho Mtakatifu alipoposhuka

🧍‍♂️🧍‍♀️ 2. Asili ya Kanisa

A. Kanisa la Ulimwengu Wote (Universal Church)

Waamini wote wa kweli tangu Pentekoste hadi unyakuo
Linaitwa Mwili wa Kristo (1 Wakorintho 12:13; Wakolosai 1:18)

B. Kanisa la Kienyeji (Local Church)

Kusanyiko maalum la waamini mahali fulani (mfano: Efeso, Korintho)
Lenye kusudi la ibada, mafundisho, ushirika, nidhamu, na huduma (Matendo 2:42)

Picha za Kanisa katika Biblia:

Mwili wa Kristo – 1 Wakorintho 12:12–27
Bibi Arusi wa Kristo – Waefeso 5:25–27
Hekalu la Roho Mtakatifu – 1 Wakorintho 3:16
Kundi la Mungu – Yohana 10:14–16; 1 Petro 5:2

🎯 3. Kusudi na Dhamira ya Kanisa

A. Ibada – Kumtukuza Mungu kwa pamoja (Yohana 4:23–24)

B. Kujengwa kiimani – Kujengana katika Kristo (Waefeso 4:11–16)

C. Uinjilisti na Misheni – Kuwafikia waliopotea (Mathayo 28:19–20)

D. Ufuasi (Uanadisiplo) – Kufundisha kutii amri za Kristo (Wakolosai 1:28)

🛐 4. Ordinansi (Ibada za Agizo la Kristo)

Haya ni maagizo mawili ya Kristo kwa Kanisa:

A. Ubatizo

Kuonyesha wazi imani na utambulisho kwa Kristo
Kwa njia ya kuzamishwa (Matendo 8:36–38; Warumi 6:3–5)
Ni kwa waumini waliokoka tu

B. Meza ya Bwana (Komunyo)

Kukumbuka kifo cha Kristo na kungojea kurudi kwake
Vipengele: mkate na kikombe (1 Wakorintho 11:23–26)

Hizi si sakramenti za neema, bali ni ordinansi – ishara za utiifu wa imani.

🧭 5. Uongozi wa Kanisa

Aina kuu tatu za mfumo wa uongozi:

Mfano wa Uongozi	Maelezo	Maandiko
Kiaskofu (Episcopal)	Askofu hutoa uongozi wa juu	Tito 1:7; 1 Timotheo 3:1–7
Kiekalisti (Presbyterian)	Wazee hutoa uamuzi wa pamoja	Matendo 15:2–6; 1 Timotheo 5:17
Kikongamano (Congregational)	Ushirika wote hushiriki uongozi	Matendo 6:1–6; Mathayo 18:17–20

Makanisa mengi ya kiinjili huchanganya mifumo hii kulingana na uaminifu wa kibiblia.

🧔 6. Viongozi Wakuu wa Kanisa

A. Mchungaji / Mzee / Askofu

Mwalimu na mlezi mkuu wa kondoo wa Mungu (1 Timotheo 3:1–7; 1 Petro 5:1–3)
Majina haya hutumika kwa kubadilishana katika Agano Jipya

B. Mashemasi

Wahudumu wa huduma za kimwili za kanisa (Matendo 6:1–6; 1 Timotheo 3:8–13)
Sio watawala bali ni watumishi

⚠️ 7. Nidhamu ya Kanisa

Inahitajika kudumisha utakatifu na uadilifu
Hatua zake: Mathayo 18:15–17; 1 Wakorintho 5
Kusudi ni marejesho, si adhabu

⛪ 8. Sifa za Kanisa la Kweli

Kwa mujibu wa Biblia na waangalizi wa Mageuzi ya Kiprotestanti:

Mahubiri sahihi ya Neno la Mungu (2 Timotheo 4:2)
Utendaji sahihi wa ordinansi (Matendo 2:41–42)
Utumiaji wa nidhamu ya kiroho (1 Wakorintho 5:1–13)

⏳ 9. Hatima ya Kanisa

Kanisa lita nyakuliwa (1 Wathesalonike 4:16–17)
Litaonekana kama Bibi Arusi wa Kristo katika karamu ya Harusi (Ufunuo 19:7–9)
Litatumikia na kutawala pamoja na Kristo katika utawala wa milenia (Ufunuo 20:6)

📌 Muhtasari wa Maudhui

Kipengele cha Kanisa	Andiko Muhimu
Kilianzishwa na Kristo	Mathayo 16:18
Mwili & Bibi Arusi	1 Wakorintho 12; Waefeso 5
Dhamira ya Kanisa	Mathayo 28:19–20; Matendo 1:8
Ubatizo & Meza ya Bwana	Warumi 6:3–5; 1 Wakorintho 11:23–26
Uongozi wa Kanisa	1 Timotheo 3; Tito 1; Matendo 6
Nidhamu ya Kanisa	Mathayo 18:15–17; 1 Wakorintho 5
Hatima ya Kanisa	1 Wathesalonike 4:17; Ufunuo 19:7–9

📘 Mistari ya Kukariri

Mathayo 16:18 – Kristo ndiye mwanzilishi wa Kanisa
Waefeso 1:22–23 – Kristo ni kichwa cha Kanisa
Matendo 2:42 – Kazi za Kanisa la kienyeji
1 Wakorintho 11:26 – Komunyo inamkumbuka Kristo
1 Petro 5:2 – Mzee achunge kundi
1 Wathesalonike 4:17 – Unyakuo wa Kanisa

📘 Introduction to Eschatology

(The Doctrine of Last Things)
Part Ten of Systematic Theology

🔍 Definition of Eschatology

The word Eschatology comes from the Greek eschatos (ἔσχατος), meaning “last,” and logos (λόγος), meaning “word” or “discourse.” Eschatology is the theological study of future events, especially the final destiny of individuals and the world.

📖 Key Verse:

“Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ.” – Titus 2:13

📆 1. Personal Eschatology: The Future of the Individual

A. Death

Physical death is a consequence of sin (Genesis 2:17; Romans 5:12)
At death, the body returns to dust and the soul enters the afterlife

B. Intermediate State

The righteous go to be with Christ (2 Corinthians 5:8; Philippians 1:23)
The wicked await judgment in Hades (Luke 16:19–31)

C. Resurrection

All people will be raised: the saved to life, the lost to judgment
📖 John 5:28–29; Daniel 12:2

D. Final Judgment

Believers: Judgment Seat of Christ for rewards (2 Corinthians 5:10)
Unbelievers: Great White Throne Judgment for eternal condemnation (Revelation 20:11–15)

⛅ 2. Cosmic Eschatology: The Future of the World

A. Signs of the End Times

False prophets, wars, famines, earthquakes, apostasy (Matthew 24; 2 Thessalonians 2:3–12)

B. The Rapture

Believers caught up to meet Christ (1 Thessalonians 4:16–17)
A cause of comfort and motivation to holiness (1 Thessalonians 5:1–11)

C. The Tribulation

A 7-year period of divine wrath and intense suffering (Daniel 9:27; Matthew 24:21; Revelation 6–18)
Dominated by the Antichrist (2 Thessalonians 2:3–10; Revelation 13)

D. The Second Coming of Christ

Christ returns bodily and gloriously (Revelation 19:11–16)
He defeats the Antichrist, judges the nations, and establishes His kingdom

E. The Millennial Kingdom

Christ reigns on earth for 1,000 years (Revelation 20:1–6)
A time of peace, righteousness, and fulfillment of Old Testament promises

🔥 3. The Final State: Eternity

A. New Heavens and New Earth

God creates a renewed, sin-free world (Revelation 21:1; Isaiah 65:17)

B. Heaven (Eternal Life)

Everlasting fellowship with God (Revelation 21:3–4; John 14:1–3)
No more death, sorrow, crying, or pain

C. Hell (Eternal Death)

Everlasting separation from God in conscious torment (Matthew 25:46; Revelation 20:10, 15)

🧭 4. Major Eschatological Views

View	Description	Timing of Christ’s Return
Premillennialism	Christ returns before a literal 1,000-year reign	Before the Millennium
Postmillennialism	Christ returns after a golden age of gospel prosperity	After the Millennium
Amillennialism	No literal millennium; symbolic reign of Christ through the Church	No physical Millennium
Preterism	Most end-times prophecies were fulfilled in the first century	Mostly past
Futurism	Most end-time prophecies are yet to be fulfilled	Mostly future

📘 Memory Verses

Titus 2:13 – Blessed hope and glorious appearing
John 14:3 – Christ prepares a place for believers
1 Thessalonians 4:16–17 – The rapture
Matthew 25:46 – Everlasting punishment and life
Revelation 21:4 – No more death or sorrow
2 Corinthians 5:10 – Judgment seat of Christ
Revelation 20:11–15 – Great white throne judgment

📌 Summary Table

Event	Description & Key Verses
Death	Soul separates from body – Genesis 3:19; Hebrews 9:27
Intermediate State	Conscious existence before resurrection – Luke 16:19–31
Rapture	Believers caught up – 1 Thessalonians 4:16–17
Tribulation	7 years of judgment – Revelation 6–18
Second Coming	Visible return of Christ – Revelation 19:11–16
Millennium	1,000-year reign – Revelation 20:1–6
Final Judgment	Believers (2 Cor. 5:10); Unbelievers (Rev. 20:11–15)
Eternal States	Heaven or Hell – Matthew 25:46; Revelation 21–22

🧠 Key Doctrines in Eschatology

Imminence – Christ can return at any time
Resurrection of the body – Physical, glorified resurrection for all
Eternal judgment – Heaven or Hell is final and unchangeable
Victory of Christ – Christ will triumph over all evil
New Creation – God will renew all things perfectly

📘 Utangulizi wa Eskatolojia

(Mafundisho Kuhusu Mambo ya Mwisho)
Sehemu ya Kumi ya Teolojia ya Mfumo

🔍 Maana ya Eskatolojia

Neno Eskatolojia limetokana na Kigiriki eschatos (mwisho) na logos (neno/somo). Eskatolojia ni elimu ya mambo ya mwisho kama yalivyofunuliwa katika Biblia.

📖 Andiko Kuu:

“Tukilitazamia tumaini lenye baraka, na mafunuo ya utukufu wa Kristo Yesu, Mungu mkuu na Mwokozi wetu.” – Tito 2:13

📆 1. Eskatolojia Binafsi: Hatima ya Mtu Binafsi

A. Kifo

Kifo kililetwa na dhambi (Mwanzo 2:17; Warumi 5:12)
Mwili hufa, roho huenda kwa Mungu au kwenye mateso ya muda

B. Hali ya Kati (Intermediate State)

Waamini huenda kuwa na Kristo (2 Wakorintho 5:8; Wafilipi 1:23)
Wasioamini husubiri hukumu katika Hadesi (Luka 16:19–31)

C. Ufufuo

Watu wote watafufuliwa: waamini kwa uzima, waovu kwa hukumu
📖 Yohana 5:28–29; Danieli 12:2

D. Hukumu ya Mwisho

Waamini: Kiti cha Hukumu cha Kristo kwa ajili ya thawabu (2 Wakorintho 5:10)
Wasioamini: Hukumu ya Kiti Kikuu Cheupe kwa hukumu ya milele (Ufunuo 20:11–15)

⛅ 2. Eskatolojia ya Ulimwengu: Hatima ya Dunia

A. Ishara za Siku za Mwisho

Manabii wa uongo, vita, njaa, mitetemeko, uasi (Mathayo 24; 2 Wathes. 2:3–12)

B. Unyakuo

Waamini watachukuliwa kwenda kukutana na Kristo mawinguni
📖 1 Wathesalonike 4:16–17

C. Dhiki Kuu (Tribulation)

Miaka 7 ya hukumu kali duniani (Danieli 9:27; Mathayo 24:21; Ufunuo 6–18)
Itatawaliwa na Mpinga Kristo (2 Wathesalonike 2:3–10; Ufunuo 13)

D. Kurudi kwa Kristo Mara ya Pili

Kristo atarudi kwa mwili na kwa utukufu (Ufunuo 19:11–16)
Atashinda Mpinga Kristo, atahukumu mataifa, na kuanzisha ufalme wa haki

E. Ufalme wa Miaka Elfu Moja (Millenia)

Kristo atatawala duniani kwa miaka 1,000 (Ufunuo 20:1–6)
Kipindi cha amani, haki, na utimilifu wa ahadi za Agano la Kale

🔥 3. Hatima ya Milele

A. Mbingu Mpya na Dunia Mpya

Dunia itafanywa upya bila dhambi (Ufunuo 21:1; Isaya 65:17)

B. Mbingu (Uzima wa Milele)

Usuhuba wa milele na Mungu (Ufunuo 21:3–4; Yohana 14:1–3)
Hakutakuwa na kifo, huzuni, kilio wala maumivu

C. Jehanum (Kifo cha Milele)

Kutengwa na Mungu kwa mateso ya milele (Mathayo 25:46; Ufunuo 20:10, 15)

🧭 4. Mitazamo Mikuu ya Eskatolojia

Mtazamo	Maelezo	Wakati wa Kurudi kwa Kristo
Premillennialism	Kristo atarudi kabla ya miaka 1,000 halisi ya utawala	Kabla ya Millenia
Postmillennialism	Kristo atarudi baada ya kipindi cha amani na mafanikio ya injili	Baada ya Millenia
Amillennialism	Hakuna miaka 1,000 halisi – utawala ni wa kiroho tu	Hakuna utawala wa mwilini
Preterism	Maandiko mengi ya siku za mwisho yalitimizwa karne ya kwanza	Tayari yametokea
Futurism	Maandiko mengi ya mwisho bado hayajatimia	Bado yatafanyika

📘 Mistari ya Kukariri

Tito 2:13 – Tumaini lenye baraka na kuja kwa Kristo
Yohana 14:3 – Kristo anatwalia mahali kwa ajili yetu
1 Wathesalonike 4:16–17 – Unyakuo wa kanisa
Mathayo 25:46 – Hukumu ya uzima na adhabu ya milele
Ufunuo 21:4 – Hakutakuwa na kifo tena
2 Wakorintho 5:10 – Hukumu kwa waamini
Ufunuo 20:11–15 – Hukumu kwa wasiomwamini

📌 Muhtasari wa Mambo Makuu

Tukio	Maelezo & Maandiko Kuu
Kifo	Roho yaondoka – Mwanzo 3:19; Waebrania 9:27
Hali ya Kati	Kuishi kwa fahamu kabla ya ufufuo – Luka 16:19–31
Unyakuo	Waamini kuchukuliwa – 1 Wathesalonike 4:16–17
Dhiki Kuu	Miaka 7 ya mateso – Ufunuo 6–18
Kurudi kwa Kristo	Kurudi kwa utukufu – Ufunuo 19:11–16
Millenia	Utawala wa miaka 1,000 – Ufunuo 20:1–6
Hukumu ya Mwisho	Waamini (2 Kor. 5:10); wasioamini (Ufunuo 20:11–15)
Hatima ya Milele	Mbingu au Jehanum – Mathayo 25:46; Ufunuo 21–22

🧠 Mafundisho Muhimu ya Eskatolojia

Ukaribu wa kurudi kwa Kristo – Anaweza kurudi wakati wowote
Ufufuo wa miili – Ufufuo halisi wa miili kwa wenye haki na waovu
Hukumu ya milele – Mbingu na jehanum ni za milele na hazibadiliki
Ushindi wa Kristo – Atashinda uovu wote
Uumbaji mpya – Mungu atafufua upya vitu vyote kwa utimilifu wake

📘 Introduction to Practical Theology

(The Doctrine of Applied Christian Living)
Supplementary Branch of Systematic Theology

🔍 Definition of Practical Theology

Practical Theology is the application of theological truth to daily Christian living, pastoral ministry, discipleship, and church life. It includes areas such as prayer, worship, evangelism, counseling, leadership, ethics, family, and spiritual growth.

📖 Key Verse:

“But be ye doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving your own selves.” – James 1:22

🧭 Purpose of Practical Theology

To equip believers to live according to sound doctrine (Titus 2:1)
To integrate faith and obedience in every area of life (Romans 12:1–2)
To train Christians for ministry, service, and witness (Ephesians 4:11–12)

📚 Main Areas of Practical Theology

1. Spiritual Disciplines

Prayer (Matthew 6:5–13; Philippians 4:6)
Bible reading and study (Psalm 1:2; 2 Timothy 2:15)
Fasting (Matthew 6:16–18)
Worship (John 4:24; Romans 12:1)

2. Evangelism and Missions

Sharing the gospel (Matthew 28:18–20; Romans 10:14–15)
Church planting, cross-cultural missions, and discipleship
Personal witness and apologetics (1 Peter 3:15)

3. Christian Ethics

Biblical principles for right and wrong (Psalm 119:11; 1 Peter 1:15–16)
Issues like abortion, gender, marriage, money, work, and justice
Living holy in a corrupt world (Titus 2:11–14)

4. Marriage and Family

Marriage as a covenant (Genesis 2:24; Ephesians 5:22–33)
Parenting and discipleship at home (Deuteronomy 6:6–7; Proverbs 22:6)
Roles of husband, wife, and children

5. Church Leadership and Ministry

Qualifications and duties of pastors, elders, deacons (1 Tim. 3; Titus 1)
Biblical leadership models (servant leadership – Matthew 20:26–28)
Church discipline, conflict resolution, and stewardship

6. Pastoral Care and Counseling

Encouragement and support for the hurting (Galatians 6:2)
Biblical counseling (2 Corinthians 1:3–4; Proverbs 11:14)
Hospital visitation, funerals, crisis care, etc.

7. Discipleship and Christian Growth

Sanctification and maturity in Christ (2 Peter 3:18)
Accountability, mentoring, and teaching others (2 Timothy 2:2)
Cultivating the fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22–23)

8. Worship and Liturgy

Public and private worship (Psalm 95:6; Hebrews 10:25)
Biblical principles for music, preaching, sacraments/ordinances
Order in church services (1 Corinthians 14:40)

9. Christian Vocation and Work

Viewing work as a calling from God (Colossians 3:23–24)
Integrity, diligence, and mission in the workplace
Balancing faith and life responsibilities

10. Suffering and Trials

Understanding God’s purpose in suffering (Romans 8:28; James 1:2–4)
Comfort in affliction (2 Corinthians 1:3–7)
Endurance and hope (Hebrews 12:1–2)

🧠 Principles of Practical Theology

Principle	Explanation & Verse
Scripture-Centered	All practice must be based on God’s Word – 2 Timothy 3:16–17
Christ-Focused	All service flows from the gospel – Colossians 3:17
Spirit-Empowered	True living is by the power of the Spirit – Galatians 5:16
Church-Oriented	Practice is shaped in the context of the body – Ephesians 4:11–16
Mission-Driven	The church exists for God's glory and gospel witness – Acts 1:8

📘 Memory Verses

James 1:22 – Be doers of the Word
Romans 12:1–2 – Present your body a living sacrifice
Matthew 28:19–20 – The Great Commission
Colossians 3:17 – Do all in the name of the Lord Jesus
Galatians 5:22–23 – Fruit of the Spirit
2 Timothy 2:2 – Pass on what you have learned

🎯 Goals of Practical Theology

To integrate theology with obedience
To equip leaders and believers to serve faithfully
To transform communities through gospel living
To glorify God in every area of life

Utangulizi wa Teolojia ya Kivitendo

(Mafundisho Kuhusu Maisha ya Kikristo kwa Vitendo)
Sehemu ya Kumi na Moja ya Teolojia ya Mfumo

🔍 Maana ya Teolojia ya Kivitendo

Teolojia ya Kivitendo ni matumizi ya kweli za Biblia katika maisha ya kila siku, huduma ya kichungaji, ushauri wa kiroho, uongozi wa kanisa, na ushuhuda wa Kikristo. Ni somo linaloweka imani katika matendo.

📖 Andiko Kuu:

“Lakini iweni watendaji wa neno, wala si wasikiaji tu, mkijidanganya nafsi zenu.” – Yakobo 1:22

🧭 Lengo la Teolojia ya Kivitendo

Kuwasaidia waumini kuishi sawasawa na mafundisho ya imani (Tito 2:1)
Kuweka imani katika matendo halisi (Warumi 12:1–2)
Kukuza huduma, ushuhuda, na mafunzo ya kiroho (Waefeso 4:11–12)

📚 Maeneo Makuu ya Teolojia ya Kivitendo

1. Nidhamu za Kiibada na Kiroho

Maombi (Mathayo 6:5–13; Wafilipi 4:6)
Kusoma na kutafakari Biblia (Zaburi 1:2; 2 Timotheo 2:15)
Kufunga (Mathayo 6:16–18)
Kumwabudu Mungu (Yohana 4:24; Warumi 12:1)

2. Uinjilisti na Misheni

Kushuhudia Injili (Mathayo 28:18–20; Warumi 10:14–15)
Kupanda makanisa na misheni za mataifa
Kujibu kwa upole imani yetu (1 Petro 3:15)

3. Maadili ya Kikristo

Kuishi kwa viwango vya Biblia (Zaburi 119:11; 1 Petro 1:15–16)
Masuala kama mimba za hiari, ndoa, jinsia, pesa, haki
Kuishi kwa utakatifu katika ulimwengu wa dhambi (Tito 2:11–14)

4. Ndoa na Familia

Ndoa kama agano (Mwanzo 2:24; Waefeso 5:22–33)
Malezi ya watoto kwa msingi wa Biblia (Kumbukumbu 6:6–7; Mithali 22:6)
Majukumu ya mume, mke, na watoto

5. Uongozi wa Kanisa na Huduma

Vigezo vya wachungaji, wazee, na mashemasi (1 Timotheo 3; Tito 1)
Uongozi wa kiutumishi (Mathayo 20:26–28)
Nidhamu ya kanisa, usuluhishi wa migogoro, usimamizi wa rasilimali

6. Huduma ya Kichungaji na Ushauri

Kusaidia walio katika huzuni na dhiki (Wagalatia 6:2)
Ushauri wa kibiblia (2 Wakorintho 1:3–4; Mithali 11:14)
Kutembelea wagonjwa, ibada za mazishi, na huduma ya faraja

7. Ufuasi na Ukuaji wa Kikristo

Utakatifu na kukua katika Kristo (2 Petro 3:18)
Kutoa mafunzo kwa wengine (2 Timotheo 2:2)
Kuzaa matunda ya Roho (Wagalatia 5:22–23)

8. Ibada na Mpangilio wa Huduma

Ibada binafsi na ya pamoja (Zaburi 95:6; Waebrania 10:25)
Maadili ya nyimbo, mahubiri, na ordinansi
Mpangilio wa huduma ya ibada (1 Wakorintho 14:40)

9. Kazi ya Mkristo na Wito

Kuona kazi kama huduma ya Mungu (Wakolosai 3:23–24)
Uaminifu na bidii kazini
Uwiano kati ya maisha ya kiroho na majukumu ya kila siku

10. Mateso na Majaribu

Kusudi la Mungu katika mateso (Warumi 8:28; Yakobo 1:2–4)
Faraja kutoka kwa Mungu (2 Wakorintho 1:3–7)
Uvumilivu na tumaini (Waebrania 12:1–2)

🧠 Kanuni Muhimu za Teolojia ya Kivitendo

Kanuni	Maelezo na Andiko
Iliyojengwa juu ya Maandiko	Kila tendo linapaswa kutoka kwa Neno – 2 Timotheo 3:16–17
Inayomlenga Kristo	Kazi zote za Kikristo lazima zitokane na injili – Wakolosai 3:17
Nguvu ya Roho Mtakatifu	Maisha ya ushindi ni kwa msaada wa Roho – Wagalatia 5:16
Muktadha wa Kanisa	Utendaji unafanyika ndani ya mwili wa Kristo – Waefeso 4:11–16
Kwa Utukufu wa Mungu	Maisha yetu ni ushuhuda wa utukufu wa Mungu – Matendo 1:8

📘 Mistari ya Kukariri

Yakobo 1:22 – Muwe watendaji wa neno
Warumi 12:1–2 – Toeni miili yenu kama dhabihu
Mathayo 28:19–20 – Agizo Kuu la Yesu
Wakolosai 3:17 – Fanyeni yote kwa jina la Yesu
Wagalatia 5:22–23 – Matunda ya Roho
2 Timotheo 2:2 – Wafundishe wengine pia

🎯 Malengo ya Teolojia ya Kivitendo

Kuyafanya mafundisho kuwa maisha halisi
Kuwaandaa viongozi na waumini kwa huduma ya kweli
Kubadilisha jamii kwa maisha ya injili
Kumtukuza Mungu kwa kila jambo

Kenneth Malenge